NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2020: Controls on the formation and persistence of mineral-associated organic matter

2020 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：控制与矿物相关的有机物的形成和持久性

• 批准号: 2010724
• 负责人: Ashley Lang
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Lang, Ashley K
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2010724&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2020, Research Using Biological Collections. The fellowship supports research and training of the Fellow that will utilize biological collections in innovative ways. The project will identify the environmental conditions that best support long term soil carbon storage in forests across the U.S. Soils act as an enormous reservoir of carbon, trapping organic matter below ground and slowing the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Soil is therefore an important resource for mitigating further environmental change. However, the understanding of the amount of carbon that soil can sequester is continually evolving. This research will explore how the vegetation type, soil microbial communities, and physical structure of soil minerals affect the ability of ecosystems to effectively store carbon over long time periods. The Fellow will test these ideas using soil collected from sites across the U.S. operated by the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). The Fellow will also participate in a K-12 teacher training course and several student-outreach programs to advance scientific literacy. Data generated through this work will be used for hands-on lessons about analyzing and interpreting environmental data.Mineral soil from the sample archives of thirteen forested NEON sites will be separated into mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) and other organic matter pools using sequential density fractionation. Using existing vegetation and microbial data from the NEON data portal, the Fellow will assess how variation in tree species, microbial communities, and soil mineralogy influence the proportion of soil carbon stored as MAOM at both the within-site and across-site levels. Further, the Fellow will investigate MAOM stability using organic matter labeled with both 13C and 15N isotopes. Simulated rhizosphere conditions will be generated in experimental mesocosms using a flow-through system with a synthetic root exudate solution of organic acids. Dual-labeled MAOM will be subjected to these conditions and destabilization from mineral surfaces will be quantified with isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The remaining material will be visualized with advanced imaging techniques to identify the particular organo-mineral bonds that resist desorption. The Fellow will create an online lesson plan with the Data Nuggets program to teach high school students about the process of analyzing ecological data. The Fellow will work with underrepresented groups in science during a summer research program for local high school students, and will participate in a K-12 teacher training course designing effective strategies for teaching about climate change.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项行动资助了2020财年NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金，使用生物收集的研究。该研究金支持研究员的研究和培训，以创新的方式利用生物收藏。该项目将确定最能支持美国各地森林长期土壤碳储存的环境条件。土壤是一个巨大的碳库，将有机物截留在地下，减缓大气中二氧化碳的积累。因此，土壤是减轻进一步环境变化的重要资源。然而，对土壤可以固碳量的理解正在不断发展。这项研究将探讨植被类型、土壤微生物群落和土壤矿物质的物理结构如何影响生态系统长期有效储存碳的能力。研究员将使用从美国各地收集的土壤来测试这些想法。这些土壤由国家生态观测网络（氖）运营。研究员还将参加K-12教师培训课程和几个学生推广计划，以提高科学素养。通过这项工作产生的数据将被用于动手的经验教训，分析和解释环境data.Mineral土壤样本档案的13个森林氖网站将被分离成矿物相关的有机物（MAOM）和其他有机物池使用连续密度分馏。利用现有的植被和微生物数据从氖数据门户网站，研究员将评估如何在树种，微生物群落和土壤矿物的变化影响土壤碳的比例存储为MAOM在两个网站内和跨网站的水平。此外，研究员将使用标记有13 C和15 N同位素的有机物研究MAOM的稳定性。模拟根际条件将产生在实验中围生态系统中使用的流通系统与合成的有机酸的根分泌物溶液。双标记的MAOM将受到这些条件和矿物表面的不稳定将与同位素比质谱定量。剩余的材料将通过先进的成像技术进行可视化，以识别抵抗解吸的特定有机矿物键。该研究员将创建一个在线课程计划与数据掘金计划，教高中学生分析生态数据的过程。该研究员将在当地高中学生的暑期研究计划中与科学领域代表性不足的团体合作，并将参加K-12教师培训课程，为气候变化教学设计有效的策略。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Climate, soil mineralogy and mycorrhizal fungi influence soil organic matter fractions in eastern US temperate forests

气候、土壤矿物学和菌根真菌影响美国东部温带森林的土壤有机质成分

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14094
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Ecology
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Lang, Ashley K.;Pett‐Ridge, Jennifer;McFarlane, Karis J.;Phillips, Richard P.
• 通讯作者: Phillips, Richard P.