NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2020: Convergent evolution of morphological integration in Indonesian shrews

2020 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：印度尼西亚鼩鼱形态整合的趋同进化

• 批准号: 2010756
• 负责人: Jonathan Nations
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Nations Jonathan
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2010756&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2020, Research Using Biological Collections. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will use biological collections in innovative ways. To answer the question “why are there so many species?”, biologists have developed an interest in 1) how closely related species living in a community share resources, 2) how shape and size reflects how a species moves and eats, and 3) whether species in different places that use similar resources evolve similar body plans. The fellow will use 3D images of shrew skeletons from different Indonesian islands to test for differences in the feeding behavior and locomotion of species that live together in diverse communities, revealing how species compete for, or share resources. The research will then test for physical similarities between shrews that live on different islands but use similar resources, revealing whether these animals have evolved in a repeated and predictable way to survive in similar habitats. The research will provide insight on how natural selection and community interactions form the rich diversity found in the world’s tropical forests. To broaden the impact of the work, students from underrepresented groups will be mentored in research and an episode about the project will be produced for the Brain Scoop YouTube channel.Although many biological radiations are famous for their exceptional phenotypic and functional diversity, some “non-adaptive” radiations, such as Old-World shrews, have rapidly diversified to form equally rich communities of remarkably similar-looking species. The research will evaluate the impact of competition in community dynamics by testing for functional differences in species-rich shrew communities across three islands in Indonesia’s Malay Archipelago. Using microCT scans of museum collections in a comparative framework the fellow will test for functional differences in syntopic species, convergent evolution of putative morphotypes between islands, and evolutionary covariance between discrete skeletal elements. Results will either support the role of competition in community assembly by highlighting functional differences in syntopic species, or, suggest that function, as it relates to diet and locomotion, does not play a substantial role in the formation and maintenance of these communities. This research will generate large amounts of open-access morphological data, develop best practices in 3D data dissemination, and engender collaboration with researchers in Indonesia. Two Chicago State University students from STEM underrepresented groups will be trained in phylogenetic and morphological comparative methods, and a team from the Field Museum will record a “Brain Scoop” episode focused on this research that will be accessible to a worldwide audience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项行动资助了2020财年NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金，使用生物收集的研究。该研究金支持研究员的研究和培训，以创新的方式使用生物收藏品。为了回答“为什么有这么多物种？”的问题，生物学家对下列问题产生了兴趣：1）生活在一个群落中的密切相关的物种如何共享资源; 2）形状和大小如何反映物种的移动和进食方式; 3）不同地方的物种是否在使用相似资源的情况下进化出相似的体型。该研究员将使用来自印度尼西亚不同岛屿的鼩 鼱骨骼的3D图像来测试在不同社区中共同生活的物种的进食行为和运动的差异，揭示物种如何竞争或共享资源。然后，该研究将测试生活在不同岛屿上但使用相似资源的鼩 鼱之间的物理相似性，揭示这些动物是否以重复和可预测的方式进化以在相似的栖息地中生存。这项研究将提供关于自然选择和社区互动如何形成世界热带森林丰富多样性的见解。为了扩大这项工作的影响，来自代表性不足群体的学生将接受研究指导，并将为Brain Scoop YouTube频道制作一集关于该项目的节目。尽管许多生物辐射以其特殊的表型和功能多样性而闻名，但一些“非适应性”辐射，如旧世界的鼩 鼱，已经迅速多样化，形成了同样丰富的社区，其中包括非常相似的物种。该研究将通过测试印度尼西亚马来群岛三个岛屿上物种丰富的鼩 鼱群落的功能差异来评估竞争对群落动态的影响。使用microCT扫描的博物馆收藏品的比较框架，该研究员将测试功能的差异，共位物种，趋同进化的岛屿之间的假定形态，和离散的骨骼元素之间的进化协方差。结果将支持竞争的作用，在社会集会，突出功能的差异，共位物种，或建议的功能，因为它涉及到饮食和运动，不发挥实质性的作用，在这些社区的形成和维护。这项研究将产生大量开放获取的形态学数据，开发3D数据传播的最佳实践，并与印度尼西亚的研究人员开展合作。两名来自STEM代表性不足群体的芝加哥州立大学学生将接受系统发育和形态学比较方法的培训，来自菲尔德博物馆的一个团队将录制一集“脑勺”，集中在这项研究上，将向全世界的观众开放。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The first report of albinism in a Sundaland endemic rodent

巽他群岛地方性啮齿动物白化病的首次报告

• DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2020-0047
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Mammalia
• 影响因子: 1
• 作者: Nations, Jonathan A.;Mursyid, Ahmad;Darma Busta, Ryski;Adrian, Sah Putra;Handika, Heru;Apandi;Achmadi, Anang S.;Esselstyn, Jacob A.
• 通讯作者: Esselstyn, Jacob A.

The roles of phylogeny, body size and substrate use in trabecular bone variation among Philippine ‘earthworm mice’ (Rodentia: Chrotomyini)

系统发育、体型和基质使用在菲律宾“蚯蚓小鼠”骨小梁变异中的作用（啮齿目：Chrotomyini）

• DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blad033
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Smith, Stephanie M;Rowsey, Dakota M;Nations, Jonathan A;Angielczyk, Kenneth D;Heaney, Lawrence R
• 通讯作者: Heaney, Lawrence R

Bayesian prediction of multivariate ecology from phenotypic data yields new insights into the diets of extant and extinct taxa

• DOI: 10.1086/725055
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: bioRxiv
• 作者: Anna L. Wisniewski;Jonathan A. Nations;G. Slater

Rethinking Gloger’s Rule: Climate, Light Environments, and Color in a Large Family of Tropical Birds (Furnariidae)

• DOI: 10.1086/713386
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: The American Naturalist
• 作者: Rafael S. Marcondes;Jonathan A. Nations;Glenn F. Seeholzer;R. T. Brumfield