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From Single to Statistical:The Dawn of Gravitational-Wave Astrophysics and Cosmology

从单一到统计：引力波天体物理学和宇宙学的黎明

基本信息

批准号：
2011997
负责人：
Daniel Holz
金额：
$ 7万
依托单位：
University of Chicago
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-07-01 至 2022-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2011997&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Single Statistical Dawn Gravitational Wave

项目摘要

This award supports research in relativity and relativistic astrophysics and it addresses the priority areas of NSF's "Windows on the Universe" Big Idea. In a fraction of a second on September 14, 2015, the field of gravitational-wave astrophysics was born with the detection by the LIGO instruments of two black holes colliding over a billion lightyears away. Less than two years later, over the span of 12 hours on August 17, 2017, the field of gravitational- wave multi-messenger astronomy was born with the detection of both gravitational-waves and light from the collision of two neutron stars. Over the next years many additional collisions will be detected, and this project will explore what these sources will teach us about physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. The project focuses on learning about how the distribution of the masses of the detected systems help us understand how the Universe makes black holes and neutron stars. This relates to how the Universe makes stars, which in turn relates to how the universe makes the elements which are crucial to life. In addition to exploring these fascinating questions and publishing results to help move the field forward, the group will also perform extensive education and outreach activities related to gravitational-waves and black holes.The project will analyze the source catalogs and determine underlying population distributions. The PI will examine the mass distribution of the component compact objects in the detected binaries. In particular, the PI will explore both the putative lower mass gap (between the most massive neutron star and the least massive black hole), as well as the upper mass gap (a dearth of black holes of mass 50 solar masses ). Similarly, the PI will explore the spin and mass ratio distributions of the population, as well as the redshift evolution of all of these distributions. Characterizing these distributions, and their evolution, will teach us about the formation and evolution of black holes and neutron stars, as well as binaries that contain them. As our understanding of the distributions improves, the ability to characterize outliers from these underlying distributions also improves. The PI will further study this process, both highlighting the nature of outliers, as well as developing population-based parameter estimation. Furthermore, the PI will study associated astrophysical constraints based on these distributions, including forward modeling of these detections using population synthesis, and machine learning approaches to the equation of state of neutron stars.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持相对论和相对论天体物理学的研究，并解决了NSF“宇宙之窗”大构想的优先领域。2015年9月14日，在一眨眼的时间里，引力波天体物理学领域诞生了，LIGO仪器探测到两个黑洞在10亿光年之外相撞。不到两年后的2017年8月17日，在12个小时的时间里，引力波多信使天文学领域诞生了，探测到了两颗中子星碰撞产生的引力波和光。在接下来的几年里，还会发现更多的碰撞，这个项目将探索这些碰撞源将教给我们关于物理学、天体物理学和宇宙学的东西。该项目的重点是了解被探测系统的质量分布如何帮助我们理解宇宙是如何形成黑洞和中子星的。这与宇宙如何形成恒星有关，而恒星又与宇宙如何形成对生命至关重要的元素有关。除了探索这些令人着迷的问题并发表有助于推动该领域发展的结果之外，该小组还将开展与引力波和黑洞相关的广泛教育和推广活动。该项目将分析源目录并确定潜在的种群分布。PI将检查检测到的双星中组成致密物体的质量分布。特别是，PI将探索假定的低质量缺口（最大质量的中子星和最小质量的黑洞之间），以及高质量缺口（缺乏质量为50个太阳质量的黑洞）。同样，PI将探索总体的自旋和质量比分布，以及所有这些分布的红移演化。描述这些分布及其演化，将教会我们黑洞和中子星的形成和演化，以及包含它们的双星。随着我们对分布的理解的提高，从这些潜在分布中描述异常值的能力也提高了。PI将进一步研究这一过程，既强调异常值的性质，也发展基于人口的参数估计。此外，PI将研究基于这些分布的相关天体物理约束，包括使用人口综合对这些探测进行正演建模，以及中子星状态方程的机器学习方法。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（16）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A Statistical Standard Siren Measurement of the Hubble Constant from the LIGO/Virgo Gravitational Wave Compact Object Merger GW190814 and Dark Energy Survey Galaxies

DOI：
10.3847/2041-8213/abaeff
发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
影响因子：
0
作者：
A. Palmese;J. DeVicente;M. Pereira;J. Annis;W. Hartley;K. Herner;M. Soares-Santos;M. Crocce
通讯作者：
A. Palmese;J. DeVicente;M. Pereira;J. Annis;W. Hartley;K. Herner;M. Soares-Santos;M. Crocce

The Origin of Inequality: Isolated Formation of a 30+10 M ⊙ Binary Black Hole Merger

DOI：
10.3847/2041-8213/abb5b5
发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
影响因子：
0
作者：
A. Olejak;M. Fishbach;K. Belczynski;D. Holz;J. Lasota;M. Miller;T. Bulik
通讯作者：
A. Olejak;M. Fishbach;K. Belczynski;D. Holz;J. Lasota;M. Miller;T. Bulik

One Channel to Rule Them All? Constraining the Origins of Binary Black Holes Using Multiple Formation Pathways

DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/abe40e
发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
0
作者：
M. Zevin;S. Bavera;C. Berry;V. Kalogera;T. Fragos;P. Marchant;C. Rodriguez;F. Antonini;D. Hol
通讯作者：
M. Zevin;S. Bavera;C. Berry;V. Kalogera;T. Fragos;P. Marchant;C. Rodriguez;F. Antonini;D. Hol

Phase effects from strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves