RUI: Collaborative Research: Network Cluster: Dust in the Critical Zone from the Great Basin to the Rocky Mountains

RUI：合作研究：网络集群：从大盆地到落基山脉关键区域的灰尘

• 批准号: 2012093
• 负责人: Gregory Carling
• 金额: $ 88.89万
• 依托单位: Brigham Young University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2012093&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Collaborative; Research; Network; Cluster

Natural and human disturbances that alter sparsely vegetated landscapes in arid climates greatly increase the abundance of fine-grained sediment available for wind erosion. This material is transported widely through the atmosphere as dust. Deposition of this dust in downwind mountain ecosystems alters the chemistry of surface water, contributes to soil formation, delivers significant nutrients for plants, and changes the timing of snowpack melting. This project will investigate the entire dust system in the southwestern US from source to sink at an array of study sites from the deserts of southern Nevada into the Rocky Mountains. Results will allow the interconnectedness of desert and mountain environments to be evaluated, and will be of use to land management agencies and policymakers. Undergraduate students from populations historically underrepresented in the sciences will be supported through collaborations with established programs. A science outreach program for middle school girls will be organized out of Salt Lake Community College with community partners including the Salt Lake City School District and Girl Scouts of Utah. This program for will include field experiences, with scientists, graduate students, and undergraduate students serving as content experts and role models. The project will also identify atmospheric conditions responsible for delivering dust to the Salt Lake City urban area, providing the information necessary for modeling dust exposure frequency. This project will establish a Critical Zone Thematic Cluster to investigate how dust derived from arid landscapes impacts the Critical Zone (CZ) in downwind mountain ecosystems. At study sites from the deserts of southern Nevada to the mountains of northern Utah, six researchers will lead complementary projects designed to illuminate 1) the factors that control dust emission; 2) the atmospheric processes responsible for dust transport; 3) the geochemical properties of dust and surficial materials in dust source areas; 4) the effects of dust deposition on winter snowpack; 5) the variability of mountain dust deposition through time and across the landscape; 6) the impacts of long-term dust deposition on mountain soil development; and 7) the bioavailability, fate, and role of dust-derived nutrients in mountain ecosystems. Selection of these study sites is grounded on a solid foundation of previous work, established monitoring networks, and unique multi-year datasets. Installation of monitoring equipment at dust emission sites, continued operation of sites for snow research, and expansion and maintenance of an existing dust collector network will enhance the physical infrastructure for the collection of key environmental variables to better illuminate CZ processes. The project is designed to offer numerous avenues for student involvement at all levels. Undergraduate students from populations historically underrepresented in the sciences will be supported through collaborations with established programs. A science outreach program for middle school girls will be organized out of Salt Lake Community College. The observation and modeling work to identify atmospheric conditions responsible for delivering dust to the Salt Lake City urban area will provide the information necessary for modeling dust exposure frequency. Results will be transferred back to the appropriate land management agencies and policymakers in a format intended to be of use in their planning. This award is co-funded by the Critical Zone Collaborative Network Program, the Physical and Dynamic Meteorology Program, and the Geomorphology and Land-use Dynamics Program.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自然和人为的干扰改变了干旱气候下植被稀疏的景观，大大增加了可用于风蚀的细粒沉积物的丰度。这种物质以尘埃的形式在大气中广泛传播。这些尘埃在顺风山区生态系统中的沉积改变了地表水的化学成分，促进了土壤的形成，为植物提供了重要的营养，并改变了积雪融化的时间。该项目将在从内华达州南部沙漠到落基山脉的一系列研究地点调查美国西南部从源头到沉淀的整个尘埃系统。结果将使沙漠和山区环境的相互联系得到评价，并将对土地管理机构和决策者有用。来自历史上在科学领域代表性不足的群体的本科生将通过与既定项目的合作得到支持。盐湖城社区学院将与包括盐湖城学区和犹他州女童子军在内的社区合作伙伴组织一项针对中学女生的科学推广计划。该项目将包括实地体验，由科学家、研究生和本科生担任内容专家和榜样。该项目还将确定负责向盐湖城市区输送粉尘的大气条件，为模拟粉尘暴露频率提供必要的信息。本项目将建立一个关键带专题集群，研究干旱景观产生的沙尘如何影响顺风山地生态系统的关键带。在从内华达州南部的沙漠到犹他州北部的山区的研究地点，6名研究人员将领导互补项目，旨在阐明1)控制粉尘排放的因素；2)负责粉尘输送的大气过程；3)尘源区粉尘及地表物质的地球化学性质；4)降尘对冬季积雪的影响；5)山区沙尘沉积的时空变异性；6)长期沙尘沉降对山地土壤发育的影响；7)山地生态系统中沙尘养分的生物利用度、命运和作用。这些研究地点的选择基于以往工作的坚实基础、已建立的监测网络和独特的多年数据集。在沙尘排放地点安装监测设备、继续运作积雪研究地点，以及扩大和维持现有的集尘网，将加强收集关键环境变量的物质基础设施，以更好地阐明CZ过程。该项目旨在为学生在各个层面的参与提供多种途径。来自历史上在科学领域代表性不足的群体的本科生将通过与既定项目的合作得到支持。盐湖城社区大学将为中学女生组织一个科学推广项目。为确定向盐湖城市区输送沙尘的大气条件而进行的观测和模拟工作将为模拟沙尘暴露频率提供必要的信息。结果将以一种有利于其规划的形式转回给适当的土地管理机构和决策者。该奖项由关键区域协作网络项目、物理和动态气象项目以及地貌学和土地利用动力学项目共同资助。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Trace Element Export From the Critical Zone Triggered by Snowmelt Runoff in a Montane Watershed, Provo River, Utah, USA

美国犹他州普罗沃河山地流域融雪径流引发的临界区微量元素输出

• DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2020.578677
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Frontiers in Water
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Checketts, Hannah N.;Carling, Gregory T.;Fernandez, Diego P.;Nelson, Stephen T.;Rey, Kevin A.;Tingey, David G.;Hale, Colin A.;Packer, Brian N.;Cordner, Cameron P.;Dastrup, Dylan B.
• 通讯作者: Dastrup, Dylan B.

Multivariate receptor modeling with widely dispersed Lichens as bioindicators of air quality

• DOI: 10.1002/env.2785
• 发表时间: 2022-12-25
• 期刊: ENVIRONMETRICS
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Heiner，Matthew;Grimm，Taylor;St Clair，Larry L.
• 通讯作者: St Clair，Larry L.

Strontium isotope dynamics reveal streamflow contributions from shallow flow paths during snowmelt in a montane watershed, Provo River, Utah, USA

锶同位素动力学揭示了美国犹他州普罗沃河山地分水岭融雪期间浅水流路径的水流贡献

• DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14458
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Hydrological Processes
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Hale, Colin A.;Carling, Gregory T.;Nelson, Stephen T.;Fernandez, Diego P.;Brooks, Paul D.;Rey, Kevin A.;Tingey, David G.;Packer, Brian N.;Aanderud, Zachary T.
• 通讯作者: Aanderud, Zachary T.

Using strontium isotopes to trace dust from a drying Great Salt Lake to adjacent urban areas and mountain snowpack

使用锶同位素追踪干燥大盐湖到邻近城市地区和山区积雪的灰尘

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abbfc4
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Carling, Gregory T;Fernandez, Diego P;Rey, Kevin A;Hale, Colin A;Goodman, Michael M;Nelson, Stephen T
• 通讯作者: Nelson, Stephen T