Collaborative Research: Using hiatus durations to quantify the tempo of Deccan volcanism

合作研究：利用间歇期来量化德干火山活动的速度

• 批准号: 2016763
• 负责人: Courtney Sprain
• 金额: $ 28.93万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2016763&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Using; hiatus; durations

The Deccan Traps of India is one of the largest volcanic provinces in the world, and its eruption occurred over a few million years across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, when the non-avian dinosaurs and many other species went extinct. The potential role of Deccan volcanism in the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction is a subject of great scientific debate, and depends critically on the eruption rate leading up to the mass extinction. This project will provide constraints on the hiatus between eruptions. The hiatus will be estimated by a combination of cosmogenic exposure dating by applying 3He measurements and paleomagnetic secular variation. A better understanding of the eruption rates of Deccan Traps lavas will impact multiple disciplines, including volcanology, paleoclimatology, and paleontology. In addition, the proposed work will support two early-career women as PIs and build STEM talent through the education and training of two graduate students and two undergraduate students. A wide audience shall be engaged through a multi-year outreach initiative with the Cooperative Extension Service that builds on the successful DIG box program developed at the Burke Museum. This project will constrain the hiatus between eruptions of the Deccan Traps large igneous province in India. A novel combination of cosmogenic 3He and paleomagnetic observations will be utilized to provide 100-10,000 year resolution, which is currently inaccessible using direct chronometers. This resolution is crucial for assessing the Earth system response to Deccan volcanism in the lead up to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (KPg) mass extinction. Moreover, higher resolution records of hiatus durations are necessary to assess whether eruption pacing in the Deccan Traps changed over its lifespan, and in particular to test hypotheses for why a state shift in the composition, morphology, and eruptive volume of Deccan lavas occurs coincident with the KPg boundary. The successful demonstration of this combined approach in the Deccan Traps will provide a framework to quantify hiatus durations in other large igneous provinces and other types of volcanic provinces. The proposed work will support two early-career women who are new Principal Investigators and enhance STEM development through the education and training of two graduate students and two undergraduate students. A multi-year outreach initiative with the Cooperative Extension Service that builds on the successful DIG box program developed at the Burke Museum constitutes a strong outreach component to the study..This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

印度的德干地陷是世界上最大的火山区之一，它的喷发发生在跨越古近纪-古近纪边界的几百万年前，当时非鸟类恐龙和许多其他物种灭绝。德干火山活动在古近纪大灭绝中的潜在作用是一个巨大的科学争论的主题，并严重依赖于导致大灭绝的喷发率。该项目将限制喷发之间的间隔。通过应用3 He测量和古地磁长期变化的宇宙成因暴露测年相结合来估计该间断。更好地了解德干地陷熔岩的喷发率将影响多个学科，包括火山学、古气候学和古生物学。此外，拟议的工作将支持两名职业生涯早期的妇女作为PI，并通过教育和培训两名研究生和两名本科生来培养STEM人才。广泛的观众将通过一个多年的外联倡议与合作推广服务，建立在成功的DIG框程序在伯克博物馆开发。该项目将限制印度德干圈闭大火成岩省喷发之间的间隙。将利用宇宙成因3 He和古地磁观测的新组合来提供100- 10，000年的分辨率，这是目前使用直接计时器无法达到的。这一分辨率对于评估地球系统对德干火山活动的反应至关重要，导致了古近纪（KPg）大灭绝。此外，更高的分辨率记录的间断持续时间是必要的，以评估是否喷发起搏在德干圈闭改变了其寿命，特别是测试假设，为什么状态转变的成分，形态和喷发量的德干熔岩发生一致的KPG边界。这种综合方法在德干圈闭中的成功示范将为量化其他大型火成岩省和其他类型火山省的间断持续时间提供一个框架。拟议的工作将支持两名早期职业女性，她们是新的首席研究员，并通过两名研究生和两名本科生的教育和培训来加强STEM的发展。与合作推广服务的多年外联倡议建立在伯克博物馆成功开发的DIG盒计划的基础上，构成了这项研究的一个强有力的外联组成部分。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。