RII Track-2 FEC: The IceCube EPSCoR Initiative (IEI) - IceCube and the Data Revolution

RII Track-2 FEC：IceCube EPSCoR Initiative (IEI) - IceCube 和数据革命

• 批准号: 2019597
• 负责人: Xinhua Bai
• 金额: $ 600万
• 依托单位: South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2019597&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; FEC; IceCube; EPSCoR

This Research Infrastructure Improvement Track-2 Focused EPSCoR Collaborations (RII Track-2 FEC) award brings together scientists from Alabama, Alaska, Delaware, Kansas, Nebraska and South Dakota to explore how Data Revolution can provide new insight into the Universe and its extreme phenomena: Where and how is the Universe producing microscopic particles that carry macroscopic energies? Traditional astronomy has progressed from telescopes for visible light to include the full electromagnetic spectrum from radio to gamma-rays. Cosmic rays were discovered over a century ago, but the sources of these high energy particles from outer space remain mysterious. Recent discoveries by LIGO, Virgo, and IceCube have opened new windows on the Universe through gravitational waves and high energy neutrinos from deep space. Observations of these cosmic messengers have brought us into the era of Multi Messenger Astronomy (MMA). As one can imagine, multi-messenger observations with a network of a variety of detectors produce huge amounts of data with enormous complexity. Managing and analyzing the data pose a tremendous challenge to the science community, particularly those groups spread in EPSCoR states. This project will grow Big Data capability across six EPSCoR jurisdictions to address the challenge. Scientists with complementary skill sets will cooperate to make advances in MMA, beyond what could be done within a single jurisdiction. The project supports five early career faculty and trains postdoctoral scholars and college students. It also exposes secondary school students from underrepresented groups to IceCube and its Big Data challenges, which will help recruit young people into STEM fields and promote diversity and inclusion. The project’s vision is to establish a strong EPSCoR team that promotes new scientific ideas and innovates Big Data techniques to make discoveries in the era of MMA while preparing a high-tech workforce beneficial to all six participating EPSCoR states. IceCube is the world’s largest neutrino observatory serving Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (MMA). The cubic kilometer array of over 5000 optical sensors 2 km deep in the glacial ice at the South Pole and the detector array on the surface produce data at a rate of about 1 Terabyte/day. While the vast majority of the data are cosmic-ray events, among them are 10-100 neutrinos per year with energies between 10 TeV and 10 PeV. These events constitute the core of IceCube’s MMA program aiming to answer fundamental questions such as where extremely powerful cosmic accelerators reside, how they generate particles and light, and what they are made of. The next generation IceCube-Gen2 will increase the data volume by an order of magnitude and operate through 2050, to go beyond current energy limits with a much better accuracy. A full scale engagement of EPSCoR groups in IceCube and future MMA relies on overcoming impediments posed by limited infrastructure or human capital within a single jurisdiction. This project supports collaborative efforts among six EPSCoR jurisdictions to create new knowledge in three themes pivotal for IceCube’s MMA program. (1) Cosmic ray and gamma ray physics, with emphasis on separating particles from Galactic and extragalactic origins; (2) Address technical challenges in the development of radio instrumentation as part of IceCube-Gen2 by using data from the Askaryan Radio Array; (3) Develop a calibration and modeling strategy for the detection medium ice for IceCube-Gen2 by utilizing both optical and radio sensors. All these tasks will be driven by the ability to manage Big Data through advanced data science techniques in data throughput, calibration, simulation, analysis, modeling and hypothesis testing. The project is also committed to strengthen the STEM workforce across six EPSCoR jurisdictions. The workforce development plan mainly includes (i) mentoring five early career faculty, (ii) implementing a suite of programs to enhance the recruitment, retention and development of young scientists from secondary school through post-doctoral research, and (iii) developing a data science curriculum using IceCube data and research examples. The success of this project will establish a diverse, competitive, and sustainable EPSCoR team with increased research capacity to ensure that EPSCoR leverages a prominent role in IceCube’s future program and NSF's Windows on the Universe theme.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项以研究基础设施改进Track-2为重点的EPSCoR协作(RII Track-2 FEC)奖汇集了来自阿拉巴马州、阿拉斯加州、特拉华州、堪萨斯州、内布拉斯加州和南达科他州的科学家，探讨数据革命如何为我们提供对宇宙及其极端现象的新见解：宇宙在哪里以及如何产生携带宏观能量的微观粒子？传统的天文学已经从可见光望远镜发展到包括从无线电到伽马射线的全部电磁光谱。宇宙射线是在一个多世纪前被发现的，但这些来自外层空间的高能粒子的来源仍然是个谜。LIGO、处女座和冰立方最近的发现通过来自深空的引力波和高能中微子打开了了解宇宙的新窗口。对这些宇宙信使的观测将我们带入了多信使天文学(MMA)时代。正如人们可以想象的那样，由各种探测器组成的网络中的多信使观测产生了具有巨大复杂性的海量数据。管理和分析数据给科学界带来了巨大的挑战，特别是那些分布在EPSCoR州的小组。该项目将在六个EPSCoR辖区扩大大数据能力，以应对这一挑战。拥有互补技能的科学家将合作，在MMA领域取得进展，超越单一司法管辖区内所能完成的工作。该项目支持五名早期职业教师，并培训博士后学者和大学生。它还让来自代表性不足群体的中学生接触IceCube及其大数据挑战，这将有助于招募年轻人进入STEM领域，并促进多样性和包容性。该项目的愿景是建立一支强大的EPSCoR团队，促进新的科学思想和创新大数据技术，以在MMA时代做出发现，同时培养一支有利于所有六个参与EPSCoR州的高科技劳动力。冰立方是世界上最大的服务于多信使天体物理学(MMA)的中微子天文台。南极冰川中2公里深的5000多个光学传感器组成的立方千米阵列和地面上的探测器阵列以大约1太字节/天的速度产生数据。虽然绝大多数数据是宇宙射线事件，但其中包括每年10-100个中微子，能量在10TeV到10PeV之间。这些事件构成了冰立方MMA计划的核心，旨在回答一些基本问题，如极其强大的宇宙加速器位于哪里，它们如何产生粒子和光，以及它们是由什么组成的。下一代IceCube-Gen2将把数据量增加一个数量级，并运行到2050年，以更高的精度超过当前的能源限制。EPSCoR小组在冰立方和未来的MMA中的全面参与取决于克服单一司法管辖区内有限的基础设施或人力资本构成的障碍。该项目支持六个EPSCoR辖区之间的合作努力，在对IceCube的MMA计划至关重要的三个主题中创造新知识。该项目包括：(1)宇宙射线和伽马射线物理学，重点是分离来自银河系和银河系外来源的粒子；(2)利用ASNITAN无线电阵列的数据，解决开发作为IceCube-Gen2一部分的射电仪器方面的技术挑战；(3)通过利用光学和无线电传感器，制定IceCube-Gen2探测介质冰的校准和建模战略。所有这些任务都将受到通过数据吞吐量、校准、模拟、分析、建模和假设检验方面的先进数据科学技术管理大数据的能力的推动。该项目还致力于加强六个EPSCoR辖区的STEM员工队伍。劳动力发展计划主要包括(I)指导五名职业早期教师，(Ii)实施一套计划，通过博士后研究加强中学年轻科学家的招聘、留住和发展，以及(Iii)使用IceCube数据和研究实例开发数据科学课程。该项目的成功将建立一支多元化、具有竞争力和可持续发展的EPSCoR团队，并提高研究能力，以确保EPSCoR在IceCube未来计划和NSF的宇宙主题之窗中发挥重要作用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Long-baseline horizontal radio-frequency transmission through polar ice

穿过极地冰的长基线水平射频传输

• DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2020/12/009
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Allison, P.;Archambault, S.;Beatty, J.J.;Besson, D.Z.;Chen, C.C.;Chen, C.H.;Chen, P.;Christenson, A.;Clark, B.A.;Clay, W.
• 通讯作者: Clay, W.

TAROGE-M: radio antenna array on antarctic high mountain for detecting near-horizontal ultra-high energy air showers

• DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2022/11/022
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Shih-Hao Wang;J. Nam;Pisin Chen;Yaocheng Chen;T. Choi;Young-bae Ham;Shih-Ying Hsu;Jian-Jung Huang;M. Huang;G. Jee;Jongil Jung;Jieun Kim;C. Kuo;H. Kwon;Changsup Lee;C. Leung;Tsung-Che Liu;Y. Shiao;B. Shin;Minzu Wang;Yu-Hsin Wang;A. Anker;S. Barwick;D. Besson;S. Bouma;M. Cataldo;G. Gaswint;C. Glaser;S. Hallmann;J. Hanson;J. Henrichs;S. Kleinfelder;R. Lahmann;Z. Meyers;A. Nelles;A. Novikov;M. P. Paul;L. Pyras;C. Persichilli;I. Plaisier;R. Rice-Smith;M. Seikh;J. Tatar;C. Welling;Leshan Zhao

First air-shower measurements with the prototype station of the IceCube surface enhancement

使用 IceCube 表面增强原型站进行首次风淋室测量

• DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0314
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: ICRC2021
• 作者: Abbasi, Rasha;Ackermann, Markus;Adams, Jenni;Aguilar, Juanan;Ahlers, M.;Ahrens, Maryon;Alispach, Cyril Martin;Alves Junior, Antonio Augusto;Amin, Najia Moureen;An, Rui
• 通讯作者: An, Rui

Search for Astrophysical Neutrinos from 1FLE Blazars with IceCube

使用 IceCube 搜索来自 1FLE 耀变体的天体物理中微子

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8de4
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Abbasi, R.;Ackermann, M.;Adams, J.;Aguilar, J. A.;Ahlers, M.;Ahrens, M.;Alameddine, J. M.;Alves, A. A.;Amin, N. M.;Andeen, K.
• 通讯作者: Andeen, K.

In situ , broadband measurement of the radio frequency attenuation length at Summit Station, Greenland

格陵兰萨米特站射频衰减长度的现场宽带测量

• DOI: 10.1017/jog.2022.40
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Aguilar, J. A.;Allison, P.;Beatty, J. J.;Besson, D.;Bishop, A.;Botner, O.;Bouma, S.;Buitink, S.;Cataldo, M.;Clark, B. A.
• 通讯作者: Clark, B. A.