Collaborative Research: Multi-Scale Micromechanical Properties of Hierarchical Coatings and Interfaces Fabricated by Self-Limiting Electrospray Deposition

合作研究：自限性电喷雾沉积制备的分层涂层和界面的多尺度微机械性能

• 批准号: 2019849
• 负责人: Jonathan Singer
• 金额: $ 39.73万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2019849&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Multi; Scale; Micromechanical

Porous materials are ubiquitous in applications ranging from filtration and construction to ones in extreme environments, such as the Arctic, deep sea, and space. The methods of manufacturing these materials often require bulk processing techniques, and it can be difficult to deterministically tune the structure and composition independently. This collaborative research employs self-limiting electrospray deposition (SLED) to create controlled libraries of porous microfilms, enabling rapid screening of their characteristic material and architecture parameters while facilitating customized property tunability. Mechanical analysis covering testing conditions from quasi-static to ballistic impact at room or elevated temperatures are undertaken, allowing probing of the materials’ mechanical response to thermomechanical stimulus. For ballistic analysis, laser-induced particle impact testing (LIPIT), an innovative method of using laser-propelled microparticles to create controlled microballistic impact, is used. These experiments inform a semi-empirical model that in turn guides the direction of future experiments, ultimately leading to a platform to design and optimize porous materials for myriad applications, including exploration of SLED thin films as low-thickness alternatives to bulkier coatings. The project team consists of experts in SLED fabrication, nanomechanical testing and modeling, and microballistic analysis. This award allows for a new level of understanding and control of the synthesis of critical porous materials aiding in US competitiveness and prosperity. SLED utilizes the repulsion of the charged electrostatic spray to create level thin films of controlled thickness. Spray parameters control different aspects of the final porous morphology. The flow rate controls the characteristic scale of the porous structure; the solids loading controls the fill fraction of the pores; the spray temperature controls the degree of fusion of the pores; and the materials selection controls the composition of the material. Evaluation of model plastic with and without particle and rubber reinforcement, along with crosslinked porous epoxies, will be performed. During the strain rate testing in LIPIT, a ceramic microsphere is accelerated to at most 1,000 m/s by laser-induced rapid gas expansion and is tracked using ultrafast stroboscopic microscopy. An intense mechanical impulse is thereby applied to the specimen through the collision of the microsphere and can then be analyzed for energy dissipation and damage mechanisms. Moreover, using slower mechanical stimuli methods, nanoimpact (1-20 mm/s) and nanoindentation (10-1,000 nm/s), on the same specimens allows comparison between the deformation-rate-dependent characteristics of the SLED coatings over the different ranges. Each stage of these studies is supported by multiscale computational simulations to create predictive models to guide both the course of the experiments and the design of future materials.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

多孔材料在从过滤和建筑到极端环境（例如北极、深海和太空）的应用中无处不在。 制造这些材料的方法通常需要批量加工技术，并且很难独立地确定性地调整结构和成分。 这项合作研究采用自限性电喷雾沉积 (SLED) 来创建受控的多孔微薄膜库，从而能够快速筛选其特征材料和结构参数，同时促进定制的属性可调性。 进行的机械分析涵盖了从准静态到室温或高温弹道冲击的测试条件，从而可以探测材料对热机械刺激的机械响应。 对于弹道分析，采用激光诱导粒子撞击测试 (LIPIT)，这是一种利用激光推进微粒产生受控微弹道撞击的创新方法。 这些实验为半经验模型提供了信息，进而指导未来实验的方向，最终形成一个为多种应用设计和优化多孔材料的平台，包括探索 SLED 薄膜作为大体积涂层的低厚度替代品。 该项目团队由 SLED 制造、纳米力学测试和建模以及微弹道分析方面的专家组成。该奖项使人们对关键多孔材料的合成有了新的理解和控制，有助于美国的竞争力和繁荣。 SLED 利用带电静电喷涂的排斥力来形成厚度受控的水平薄膜。 喷涂参数控制最终多孔形态的不同方面。 流量控制多孔结构的特征尺度；固体负载控制孔隙的填充率；喷涂温度控制气孔的融合程度；材料的选择控制着材料的成分。 将评估具有和不具有颗粒和橡胶增强材料以及交联多孔环氧树脂的模型塑料。 在 LIPIT 中进行应变率测试期间，陶瓷微球通过激光诱导的快速气体膨胀加速至最多 1,000 m/s，并使用超快频闪显微镜进行跟踪。因此，通过微球的碰撞向样品施加强烈的机械脉冲，然后可以分析能量耗散和损伤机制。此外，在同一样品上使用较慢的机械刺激方法、纳米冲击（1-20 毫米/秒）和纳米压痕（10-1,000 纳米/秒），可以在不同范围内比较 SLED 涂层的变形率相关特性。 这些研究的每个阶段都得到多尺度计算模拟的支持，以创建预测模型来指导实验过程和未来材料的设计。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Determining the Self-Limiting Electrospray Deposition Compositional Limits for Mechanically Tunable Polymer Composites

确定机械可调聚合物复合材料的自限性电喷雾沉积成分限制

• DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c00106
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: ACS Applied Polymer Materials
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Green-Warren, Robert A.;Bontoux, Luc;McAllister, Noah M.;Kovacevich, Dylan A.;Shaikh, Asaad;Kuznetsova, Christianna;Tenorio, Max;Lei, Lin;Pelegri, Assimina A.;Singer, Jonathan P.
• 通讯作者: Singer, Jonathan P.

In-Air Polymerization and Crosslinking of Monomers During Electrospray Deposition

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92381-5_30
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: TMS 2022 151st Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings
• 作者: Catherine Nachtigal;Michael J. Grzenda;J. Singer

Enhanced mechanical energy absorption via localized viscoplasticity of nano-cellular polymer coating under supersonic impact loading

• DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2023.100180
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Giant
• 影响因子: 7
• 作者: Zongling Ren;Robert Green-Warren;Noah McAllister;Ara Kim;Asaad Shaikh;A. Pelegri;J. Singer