Ethical and Responsible Research (ER2) Rigor and Transparency Initiatives (RTI)

这个项目考察了科学中的“严谨和透明倡议”在改变研究社区的态度、规范和行为以及促进更多的伦理和开放的科学方面的有效性。严格性和透明度倡议涉及为期刊设立一个特别栏目或期刊的资金呼吁，以促进有价值但尚未受到激励或规范的新行为，例如复制研究或使用注册报告来提高严谨性并消除针对负面研究结果的出版偏见。严谨和透明倡议提高了人们对这些行为的价值的认识，展示了可信利益相关者(如资助者、期刊)对这些行为的支持，激励研究人员尝试这些行为，并提供关于行为的可行性、价值和影响的概念证明。主要研究人员与资助伙伴合作，实施RTI干预措施，促进不同研究社区的严密性和透明度。调查每年分发给每个研究社区的成员，以评估在严格和透明倡议激励下的态度、规范和报告的行为方面的变化。该项目将产生新的方法来测试严格性和透明度倡议的有效性，并创建新的开放数据集、计算代码和分析工作流，以实现对项目的外部评估，并促进对这些主题的新研究。通过培训、政策、激励和在研究学科和机构内发展新的社区规范来培养研究道德、严谨性和透明度。“严谨和透明倡议”是基于期刊和资助者之间的合作，在研究社区中有组织地改变这种态度、规范和行为的尝试。尽管对这类举措的呼声越来越高，但有关其有效性的证据却很少。这个项目是对严谨和透明倡议的有效性进行的一项自然主义的纵向调查，作为一种机制，促使文化朝着严谨和透明的方向转变，以加强道德和负责任的研究行为。严谨和透明倡议将在不同的研究社区实施，并具有定制的功能，以最大限度地适应每个社区。社区成员将每年接受调查，以测试与每个严格和透明倡议相关的态度、规范和报告行为的变化。总体而言，该项目对科学中文化变化的机制以及有目的地促进更开放和更有道德的研究的新方法产生了新的见解。该项目由SBE和CISE理事会资助。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project examines the efficacy of “Rigor and Transparency Initiatives” in science to shift attitudes, norms, and behaviors in research communities and promote more ethical and open science. Rigor and Transparency Initiatives involve a funding call for a special section or issue of journals to promote new behaviors that are valued but not yet incentivized or normative, such as replication studies or using Registered Reports to increase rigor and eliminate publication bias against negative findings. Rigor and Transparency Initiatives raise awareness about the value of these behaviors, demonstrate support for the behaviors from credible stakeholders (e.g., funders, journals), incentivize researchers to try the behaviors, and provide proof-of-concept of the feasibility, value, and impact of the behaviors. The principal investigators collaborate with funding partners to implement RTI interventions promoting rigor and transparency in different research communities. Surveys are distributed each year to members of each research community to assess changes in the attitudes, norms, and reported behaviors incentivized by the Rigor and Transparency Initiatives. The project will produce new methods for testing the efficacy of Rigor and Transparency Initiatives and create new open datasets, computational code, and analytic workflows to enable outside assessments of the project and promote new research on these topics.Fostering research ethics, rigor, and transparency is achieved through training, policies, incentives, and developing new community norms within research disciplines and institutions. “Rigor and Transparency Initiatives” are organized attempts to shift such attitudes, norms, and behaviors in research communities based on collaborations between journals and funders. Despite increased calls for such initiatives, evidence regarding their effectiveness is sparse. This project is a naturalistic, longitudinal investigation of the effectiveness of Rigor and Transparency Initiatives as a mechanism for culture change toward rigor and transparency to enhance ethical and responsible conduct of research. Rigor and Transparency Initiatives will be implemented in different research communities with customized features to maximize fit for each community. Community members will be surveyed each year to test for changes in attitudes, norms, and reported behavior related to each Rigor and Transparency Initiative. Overall, the project produces new insights about mechanisms of cultural change in science and new methods of purposely fostering more open and ethical research. This project was funded by the SBE and CISE directorates.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.