Ethical and Responsible Research (ER2) Rigor and Transparency Initiatives (RTI)

本项目考察了“严谨性和透明度倡议”在科学领域的有效性，以改变研究界的态度、规范和行为，促进更具伦理性和开放性的科学。严谨性和透明度倡议涉及为期刊的一个特殊部分或问题提供资金，以促进有价值但尚未激励或规范的新行为，例如复制研究或使用注册报告来提高严谨性并消除对负面发现的发表偏见。严谨性和透明度倡议提高了人们对这些行为价值的认识，展示了可信的利益相关者（例如资助者、期刊）对这些行为的支持，激励研究人员尝试这些行为，并提供了这些行为的可行性、价值和影响的概念证明。主要研究人员与资助伙伴合作，实施RTI干预措施，促进不同研究社区的严谨性和透明度。调查每年分发给每个研究团体的成员，以评估态度、规范和报告行为的变化，这些变化是由严谨和透明倡议所激励的。该项目将产生新的方法来测试严谨性和透明度倡议的有效性，并创建新的开放数据集、计算代码和分析工作流程，以便对项目进行外部评估，并促进对这些主题的新研究。通过培训、政策、激励和在研究学科和机构内制定新的社区规范来促进研究伦理、严密性和透明度。“严谨和透明倡议”是有组织的尝试，以期刊和资助者之间的合作为基础，改变研究界的这种态度、规范和行为。尽管对此类举措的呼声越来越高，但有关其有效性的证据却很少。这个项目是一个自然的，纵向调查严谨和透明度倡议的有效性，作为一种机制的文化变革向严谨和透明度，以提高道德和负责任的研究行为。严谨和透明计划将在不同的研究社区实施，并具有定制功能，以最大限度地适应每个社区。每年将对社区成员进行调查，以测试态度、规范和报告的与每个严谨性和透明度倡议相关的行为的变化。总的来说，该项目产生了关于科学中文化变化机制的新见解，以及有意促进更开放和更合乎伦理的研究的新方法。本项目由SBE和CISE理事会资助。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project examines the efficacy of “Rigor and Transparency Initiatives” in science to shift attitudes, norms, and behaviors in research communities and promote more ethical and open science. Rigor and Transparency Initiatives involve a funding call for a special section or issue of journals to promote new behaviors that are valued but not yet incentivized or normative, such as replication studies or using Registered Reports to increase rigor and eliminate publication bias against negative findings. Rigor and Transparency Initiatives raise awareness about the value of these behaviors, demonstrate support for the behaviors from credible stakeholders (e.g., funders, journals), incentivize researchers to try the behaviors, and provide proof-of-concept of the feasibility, value, and impact of the behaviors. The principal investigators collaborate with funding partners to implement RTI interventions promoting rigor and transparency in different research communities. Surveys are distributed each year to members of each research community to assess changes in the attitudes, norms, and reported behaviors incentivized by the Rigor and Transparency Initiatives. The project will produce new methods for testing the efficacy of Rigor and Transparency Initiatives and create new open datasets, computational code, and analytic workflows to enable outside assessments of the project and promote new research on these topics.Fostering research ethics, rigor, and transparency is achieved through training, policies, incentives, and developing new community norms within research disciplines and institutions. “Rigor and Transparency Initiatives” are organized attempts to shift such attitudes, norms, and behaviors in research communities based on collaborations between journals and funders. Despite increased calls for such initiatives, evidence regarding their effectiveness is sparse. This project is a naturalistic, longitudinal investigation of the effectiveness of Rigor and Transparency Initiatives as a mechanism for culture change toward rigor and transparency to enhance ethical and responsible conduct of research. Rigor and Transparency Initiatives will be implemented in different research communities with customized features to maximize fit for each community. Community members will be surveyed each year to test for changes in attitudes, norms, and reported behavior related to each Rigor and Transparency Initiative. Overall, the project produces new insights about mechanisms of cultural change in science and new methods of purposely fostering more open and ethical research. This project was funded by the SBE and CISE directorates.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.