Collaborative Research: The effects of marine heatwaves on reproduction, larval transport and recruitment in sea urchin metapopulations

合作研究：海洋热浪对海胆集合种群繁殖、幼虫运输和补充的影响

• 批准号: 2023664
• 负责人: Laura Rogers-Bennett
• 金额: $ 28.4万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023664&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; effects; marine; heatwaves

Rapid and extreme warming events such as El Niño and marine heatwaves have had ecological and economic impacts on nearshore marine ecosystems. These impacts include reductions in biomass and collapses in commercial fisheries. For many species, population booms and busts are controlled by shifts in reproduction and juvenile dispersal related to warmer temperatures and ocean circulation. However, how population fluctuations are shaped by interacting processes that control adult reproduction and larval survival remains unclear. Marine heatwaves often accompany major disruptions in ocean circulation, which can affect survival and the distribution of species that produce free-floating, planktonic larvae. As a result, species can be impacted directly by temperature effects on organismal reproduction and survival, and indirectly by shifts in ocean circulation that affect larval success. This project is examining how the joint effects of temperature and ocean circulation are controlling populations of purple sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus). To address project objectives, the team is developing oceanographic models to predict dispersal of planktonic larvae in combination with controlled experiments on adult reproductive success. This project is advancing the understanding of how ecologically important species respond to ocean temperature and circulation, which are forecast to shift under future climate change scenarios. Broader impacts of the project include training of students and post-docs in STEM and educational outreach. Curriculum development and implementation is occurring in collaboration with existing K-12 outreach programs that focus on underserved communities and under-represented groups. The goal is to empower the next generation of scientists to use integrative approaches to predict ecological consequences of climate change. Purple sea urchins are an ideal species for studying the coupled impacts of warming and ocean circulation on recruitment and survival given a wealth of ecological and organismal data. The species has a mapped genome, can be transported large distances as larvae by ocean currents, and larval abundances in California exhibit orders of magnitude variation with heatwaves and El Niño fluctuations. To quantify the processes that shape spatial and temporal variability in larval supply, researchers are applying a novel combination of biophysical modeling, experiments and statistical modeling of long-term, high-resolution data on larval settlement across the Southern California Bight (SCB). Research module 1 is quantifying spatial and temporal patterns of larval transport using a 3D-biophysical model of the SCB. The model is testing how interactions among historical changes in ocean circulation and temperature, larval life history, and larval behavioral traits affect variation in larval supply in space and time. Research module 2 is focused on how temperature could affect spatial and temporal variation in egg production. Experiments are characterizing reproductive thermal performance curves and quantifying how these vary among populations and organismal history. A novel assay is assessing epigenetic regulation of gene expression associated with performance curves. Finally, Module 3 will integrate mechanistic models from Modules 1 and 2 to statistically assess their ability to explain spatial and temporal trends in a nearly three-decade dataset of larval settlement from six sites in the SCB. This is one of the first studies that integrates models of larval transport, reproductive performance and settlement data to empirically test how physical and biological processes affect local recruitment patterns in complex marine meta-populations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

厄尔尼诺现象和海洋热浪等快速极端变暖事件对近岸海洋生态系统产生了生态和经济影响。这些影响包括生物量减少和商业渔业崩溃。对于许多物种来说，人口的繁荣和萧条是由与气温升高和海洋环流相关的繁殖和幼体扩散的变化控制的。然而，控制成虫繁殖和幼虫存活的相互作用过程如何影响种群波动仍不清楚。海洋热浪通常伴随着海洋环流的严重破坏，这可能会影响产生自由漂浮的浮游幼虫的物种的生存和分布。因此，温度对生物体繁殖和生存的影响可能会直接影响物种，而影响幼虫成功的海洋环流变化也会间接影响物种。该项目正在研究温度和海洋环流的共同影响如何控制紫海胆（Strongylocentrotus purpuratus）的数量。为了实现项目目标，该团队正在开发海洋学模型来预测浮游幼虫的扩散，并结合成虫繁殖成功的对照实验。该项目正在加深对生态重要物种如何响应海洋温度和环流的理解，预计海洋温度和环流将在未来气候变化情景下发生变化。该项目更广泛的影响包括对学生和博士后进行 STEM 培训和教育推广。课程的开发和实施是与现有的 K-12 外展项目合作进行的，这些项目重点关注服务不足的社区和代表性不足的群体。目标是使下一代科学家能够使用综合方法来预测气候变化的生态后果。 鉴于丰富的生态和有机数据，紫海胆是研究变暖和海洋环流对补充和生存的耦合影响的理想物种。该物种具有绘制的基因组，可以作为幼虫通过洋流远距离运输，并且加利福尼亚州的幼虫丰度随着热浪和厄尔尼诺现象的波动而呈现出数量级的变化。为了量化影响幼虫供应空间和时间变化的过程，研究人员正在应用生物物理模型、实验和统计模型的新颖组合，对南加州湾 (SCB) 幼虫定居的长期、高分辨率数据进行统计建模。研究模块 1 使用 SCB 的 3D 生物物理模型量化幼虫运输的空间和时间模式。该模型正在测试海洋环流和温度的历史变化、幼虫生活史和幼虫行为特征之间的相互作用如何影响幼虫供应在空间和时间上的变化。研究模块 2 的重点是温度如何影响产蛋量的空间和时间变化。 实验正在描述生殖热性能曲线的特征，并量化这些曲线在种群和生物历史之间的变化。一种新的测定方法正在评估与性能曲线相关的基因表达的表观遗传调控。最后，模块 3 将整合模块 1 和模块 2 的机械模型，以统计评估它们解释 SCB 六个地点的近 30 年幼虫沉降数据集中空间和时间趋势的能力。 这是首批整合幼体运输模型、繁殖性能和定居数据的研究之一，以实证测试物理和生物过程如何影响复杂海洋集合种群中的局部招募模式。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Survivors of Climate Driven Abalone Mass Mortality Exhibit Declines in Health and Reproduction Following Kelp Forest Collapse

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.725134
• 发表时间: 2021-08-16
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Rogers-Bennett, Laura;Klamt, Robert;Catton, Cynthia A.
• 通讯作者: Catton, Cynthia A.

Using the Resist-Accept-Direct management framework to respond to climate driven transitions in marine ecosystems.

使用“抵制-接受-直接”管理框架应对气候驱动的海洋生态系统转变。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Fisheries management and ecology
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Rogers-Bennett, L.

Cascading Impacts of a Climate-Driven Ecosystem Transition Intensifies Population Vulnerabilities and Fishery Collapse.

气候驱动的生态系统转型的连锁影响加剧了人口脆弱性和渔业崩溃。

• DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2022.908708
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Rogers-Bennett, L.