Prohormone processing and regulation of the wound response by plant death proteases
植物死亡蛋白酶对激素原的处理和伤口反应的调节
基本信息
- 批准号:243053850
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Research Grants
- 财政年份:2013
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:2012-12-31 至 2016-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
While the importance of peptide hormone signaling is well recognized in animal systems, peptides as signaling molecules have long been neglected in plants. In recent years, however, about a dozen of secreted plant signaling peptides have been identified and recognized to play important roles in cellular communication. In addition, hundreds of potential signaling peptides have been predicted by bioinformatics. Most of these signaling peptides require post-translational modifications for maturation including proteolytic processing to release the active peptides from their larger precursor proteins. This also applies to systemin, which was identified in 1991 as the first hormone-like signaling peptide in plants, and as an essential component of the wound signaling pathway for the induction of defense responses against herbivorous insects in plants of the nightshade family. However, for systemin and most other signaling peptides alike, the question of how they are released from their precursor proteins and the identity of the processing proteases remain unresolved. In an attempt to identify the prosystemin-processing enzyme, we purified an aspartate (Asp)-specific protease from tomato. The protease was found to cleave prosystemin at two Asp residues flanking the systemin peptide. The cleavage product was active in bioassays for the induction of wound response markers. Cleavage at these sites was also found to be necessary for activation, since proteolytic processing and bioactivity were lost in a site-directed prosystemin double mutant, in which the two Asp residues had been substituted by Ala. Using mass spectrometry we could identify the protease as either SlPhyt-1 or SlPhyt-2, two homologs of phytaspase, a cell death-related Asp-specific protease previously characterized in tobacco and rice. The data suggest that after gene duplication, phytaspase homologs in tomato may have acquired novel roles in prosystemin processing and the regulation of the wound response, in addition to the recognized function of phytaspase in programmed cell death. This hypothesis will be addressed in the proposed research project. Using gain- and loss-of-function analyses we will characterize the function of SlPhyt-1 and SlPhyt-2 in vivo and identify their specific contributions to cell death on the one hand, and prosystemin processing, wound signaling and insect resistance on the other. With the proposed research we address the long-standing question of how wounding leads to the formation of the signaling peptide systemin as part of the systemic defense response against insect herbivores. On a more general note, the study will provide insight into the mechanisms of peptide hormone maturation and the function of proteases as regulators of cell death and plant defense.
虽然多肽激素信号的重要性在动物系统中得到了很好的认识,但多肽作为信号分子在植物中一直被忽视。然而,近年来,大约有十几种分泌的植物信号肽被发现并被认为在细胞通讯中发挥重要作用。此外,生物信息学已经预测了数百个潜在的信号肽。这些信号肽中的大多数都需要翻译后修饰才能成熟,包括蛋白质分解过程,以从更大的前体蛋白中释放出活性多肽。这也适用于系统素,它于1991年被鉴定为植物中第一个类似激素的信号肽,是诱导茄科植物对草食性昆虫的防御反应的伤口信号通路的重要组成部分。然而,对于系统蛋白和大多数其他信号肽来说,它们是如何从其前体蛋白中释放出来的,以及加工的蛋白水解酶的身份的问题仍然没有解决。为了鉴定原系统蛋白加工酶,我们从番茄中分离纯化了一种天冬氨酸(Asp)专一性的蛋白酶。发现该酶能在系统素肽两侧的两个天冬氨酸残基上裂解原系统蛋白。裂解产物在诱导伤口反应标志物的生物测定中是活性的。在这些位点上的切割也被发现是激活所必需的,因为在一个定点前系统素双突变体中失去了蛋白降解过程和生物活性,其中两个Asp残基被Ala取代。利用质谱仪,我们可以将该酶鉴定为SlPhyt-1或SlPhyt-2,这是植酸酶的两个同源物,植酸酶是一种与细胞死亡相关的天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶,以前在烟草和水稻中具有特征。这些数据表明,在基因复制后,番茄中的植酸酶同源物除了在细胞程序性死亡中已知的功能外,还可能在原系统加工和创伤反应的调节中获得了新的作用。这一假设将在拟议的研究项目中得到解决。通过功能得失分析,我们将研究SlPhyt-1和SlPhyt-2在体内的功能,并确定它们在细胞死亡、原系统加工、创伤信号和抗虫性等方面的特定贡献。通过拟议的研究,我们解决了一个长期存在的问题,即创伤如何导致信号肽系统的形成,作为对昆虫食草动物的系统防御反应的一部分。更广泛地说,这项研究将深入了解多肽激素成熟的机制,以及蛋白酶作为细胞死亡和植物防御调节因子的功能。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Peptide signaling for drought-induced tomato flower drop
- DOI:10.1126/science.aaz5641
- 发表时间:2020-03-27
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:56.9
- 作者:Reichardt, S.;Piepho, H. -P.;Schaller, A.
- 通讯作者:Schaller, A.
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Professor Dr. Andreas Schaller其他文献
Professor Dr. Andreas Schaller的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Andreas Schaller', 18)}}的其他基金
Atropselective synthesis of gossypol by dirigent proteins from cotton
棉花导体蛋白逆向选择性合成棉酚
- 批准号:
273702275 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
Regulation of jasmonate biosynthesis by posttranslational modification of oxophytodienoate reductase (OPR) 3
通过氧化植物二烯酸还原酶 (OPR) 3 的翻译后修饰调节茉莉酸生物合成
- 批准号:
223067397 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
Identification of tomato genes and networks for resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, which threatens tomato production worldwide
番茄抗番茄黄曲叶病毒的基因和网络的鉴定,该病毒威胁着全球番茄的生产
- 批准号:
211654729 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
Funktionelle Charakterisierung von Subtilisin-ähnlichen Proteasen in Pflanzen
植物中枯草杆菌蛋白酶的功能表征
- 批准号:
5427082 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
Functional analysis of subtilisin-like serine proteases in Arabidopsis thaliana
拟南芥枯草杆菌蛋白酶样丝氨酸蛋白酶的功能分析
- 批准号:
5435497 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
Biogenesis of peptide signals for embryonic cuticle formation and pollen development
胚胎角质层形成和花粉发育的肽信号的生物发生
- 批准号:
454320907 - 财政年份:
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
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