HDNS-I: Infrastructure for Knowledge Linkages from Ethnography of World Societies

HDNS-I：世界社会民族志知识链接的基础设施

• 批准号: 2024286
• 负责人: Michael Fischer
• 金额: $ 105.5万
• 依托单位: Human Relations Area Files
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2024286&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: HDNS; Infrastructure; Knowledge; Linkages; Ethnography

The goal of this project is to greatly enhance the value of an existing ethnographic database of world cultures to users by improving their ability to search by meaning rather than words, and providing tools for visualizing and analyzing their results. This project will add semantic tags and data-mining functions with associated computer services to enhance eHRAF World Cultures, presently containing about 750,000 pages from 6,500 ethnographic documents covering over 330 world societies over time. Since its inception in 1949, the Human Relations Area Files (HRAF) has developed and transformed information systems to facilitate the efficient retrieval of information on cultures of the world so that researchers from many different disciplines could arrive at better understanding of human behavior in all its variety. New semantic and data mining infrastructure developed by this project will assist in determining universal and cross-cultural aspects of a wide range of user selected topics, such as social emotion and empathy, economics, politics and use of space and time. The database can serve to examine the range of possibilities for human thought, knowledge, belief and behavior with respect to real-world problems faced today, such as: climate change; violence; disasters; epidemics; hunger; and war. Examining how and why cultures vary in similar circumstances is critical to improving policy, applied science, and basic scientific understandings of the human condition. Such knowledge is extremely valuable in understanding an increasingly globalized world. This project will develop advanced methods of working with text that can be applied from an extensible framework that deploys tools for analysis and retrieval. This services framework will be available for beginners and advanced researchers. Some methods can be applied in areas as far afield as AI and robotics, making AI solutions more human. Pattern extraction and linguistic analysis will be applied through AI tools to define a flexible logic for the contents of the documents. The project will result in: 1) improved relevance of search results though identifying finer grained topics in each paragraph in addition to the existing semantic tags; 2) establishing semantic links between the paragraphs in the database so that a researcher can follow topic trails more effectively; and 3) tools for management, analysis, visualization, and summarization of results, user initiated data mining and pattern identification. These will assist researchers identifying and testing hypotheses about the societies they investigate. In addition to working on the eHRAF World Cultures database, the project will provide open access services that any researcher can use to process and analyse their own material.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的目标是通过提高用户通过意义而不是文字进行搜索的能力，并提供可视化和分析结果的工具，从而大大提高现有世界文化人种志数据库对用户的价值。该项目将增加语义标签和数据挖掘功能，以及相关的计算机服务，以增强eHRAF世界文化，目前包含约75万页，来自6,500份民族志文献，涵盖330多个世界社会。自1949年成立以来，人类关系领域档案（HRAF）开发和改造了信息系统，以促进世界文化信息的有效检索，以便来自许多不同学科的研究人员能够更好地理解人类行为的多样性。该项目开发的新的语义和数据挖掘基础设施将有助于确定广泛的用户选择主题的普遍和跨文化方面，例如社会情感和同理心、经济、政治和空间和时间的使用。该数据库可用于检查人类思想、知识、信仰和行为的各种可能性，以应对当今面临的现实问题，例如：气候变化；暴力;灾害;流行;饥饿;和战争。研究文化在相似环境下如何以及为什么会发生变化，对于改善政策、应用科学和对人类状况的基本科学理解至关重要。这些知识对于理解日益全球化的世界是极有价值的。该项目将开发处理文本的高级方法，这些方法可以从可扩展框架中应用，该框架部署了分析和检索工具。这个服务框架将适用于初学者和高级研究人员。一些方法可以应用于人工智能和机器人等领域，使人工智能解决方案更加人性化。模式提取和语言分析将通过人工智能工具应用，为文档内容定义灵活的逻辑。该项目将带来以下结果：1)在现有语义标签的基础上，通过在每个段落中识别更细粒度的主题，提高搜索结果的相关性；2)在数据库中建立段落之间的语义链接，使研究者能够更有效地跟踪主题线索；3)用于管理、分析、可视化和总结结果、用户发起的数据挖掘和模式识别的工具。这将有助于研究人员识别和测试他们所调查的社会的假设。除了建立eHRAF世界文化数据库外，该项目还将提供开放访问服务，任何研究人员都可以使用该服务来处理和分析他们自己的资料。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。