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Homeostasis of Isoprenoids in Plants: understanding compartmentalization, flux and transport of isoprenoids in glandular trichomes for non-crop and crop species

植物中类异戊二烯的稳态：了解非作物和作物物种腺毛中类异戊二烯的区室化、通量和运输

基本信息

批准号：
243271258
负责人：
Professor Dr. Marc Boutry
金额：
--
依托单位：
Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie (IPB)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/243271258?language=en
关键词：
Homeostasis Isoprenoids Plants understanding compartmentalization

项目摘要

Isoprenoids constitute a wide range of metabolites with diverse functions as plant hormones (gibberellins, abscisic acid, strigolactones, brassinosteroids) or house-keeping constituents (e.g. sterols), but also contain a large group of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with roles in plant protection against insects and pathogens, attraction of pollinators or seed dispersal. Furthermore, some plant terpenoids are used industrially as pharmaceutics, flavour or fragrance ingredients. The co-existence, in the same metabolic network, of signalling molecules in extremely low concentration (nM range), of structural components, and of secondary metabolites which can be produced in high concentrations in specific tissues or even specific organelles, raises the issue of how plant cells manage to appropriately balance the flux towards these distinct isoprenoid classes with highly divergent concentrations and in competition for the same building blocks. In plants the universal isoprenoid precursors, isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethyl-allyl diphosphate (DMAPP), are produced via two distinct routes, the cytosolic mevalonate pathway (MEV) and the plastidic deoxy-xylulose phosphate pathway (DXP). Although the allocation of precursors from these two sources is relatively strict, there is now mounting evidence that cross-talk exists, implicating most likely the transport of isoprenyl diphosphates (IPP, DMAPP, GPP or FPP) between compartments. The identity of these putative transporters is however still elusive. The production of industrially relevant terpenoids often resides in specialized cells or structures, such as the glandular trichomes. The study of isoprenoid flux in glandular trichomes is advantageous, since they are separated from the rest of the plant and are not vital organs, thus allowing the study of components of isoprenoid pathways which are otherwise essential for plant growth and development. Using two species of the Solanaceae, tomato (food) and tobacco (non-food), as model plants with glandular trichomes, we will implement a multi-disciplinary approach, including proteomics, interactomics, cell biology, biochemistry and molecular genetics, to deepen our understanding of isoprenoid metabolism. The major objectives of this project are to 1) identify transporters of intracellular isoprenoid intermediates and of terpenoid secretion; 2) determine flux through the two isoprenoid biosynthesis pathways in different types of glandular trichomes; 3) establish a complete and detailed map of sub-cellular localization of all enzymes involved in isoprenoid precursor pathways; 4) explore the interactome of isoprenoid pathway enzymes. This research programme will shed new light on how glandular trichomes achieve such massive flux towards specialized terpenoid metabolites while maintaining homeostasis, and establish new ground for a knowledge-based exploitation of these natural cell factories.

类异戊二烯构成广泛的代谢物，具有作为植物激素（赤霉素、脱落酸、独脚金内酯、油菜素类固醇）或持家成分（例如甾醇）的不同功能，但也含有大量结构上不同的次级代谢物，其在植物保护中具有对抗昆虫和病原体、吸引传粉者或种子传播的作用。此外，一些植物萜类化合物在工业上用作药物、调味剂或香料成分。在同一代谢网络中，信号分子以极低浓度共存（nM范围），结构成分，以及在特定组织或甚至特定细胞器中以高浓度产生的次级代谢产物，提出了植物细胞如何设法适当地平衡流向这些具有高度不同浓度的不同类异戊二烯类的通量以及竞争相同的类异戊二烯类的问题积木在植物中，通用的类异戊二烯前体，异戊烯基二磷酸（IPP）和二甲基烯丙基二磷酸（DMAPP），通过两种不同的途径产生，细胞溶质甲羟戊酸途径（MEV）和质体脱氧木酮糖磷酸途径（DXP）。虽然这两种来源的前体分配相对严格，但现在有越来越多的证据表明存在串扰，这很可能涉及异戊二烯基二磷酸盐（IPP，DMAPP，GPP或FPP）在隔室之间的运输。然而，这些推定的转运蛋白的身份仍然难以捉摸。工业上相关的萜类化合物的产生通常存在于特化的细胞或结构中，例如腺毛。腺毛中类异戊二烯通量的研究是有利的，因为它们与植物的其余部分分离并且不是重要器官，从而允许研究否则对于植物生长和发育必不可少的类异戊二烯途径的组分。以茄科植物番茄（食用）和烟草（非食用）为模式植物，运用蛋白质组学、互作组学、细胞生物学、生物化学和分子遗传学等多学科方法，深入研究类异戊二烯代谢。本项目的主要目标是：1）鉴定细胞内类异戊二烯中间体和类萜分泌的转运蛋白; 2）确定不同类型腺毛中两条类异戊二烯生物合成途径的通量; 3）建立一个完整而详细的类异戊二烯前体途径所有酶的亚细胞定位图; 4）探索类异戊二烯途径酶的相互作用组。这项研究计划将揭示腺毛如何在保持体内平衡的同时实现向专门的萜类代谢物的大规模流动，并为这些天然细胞工厂的知识开发建立新的基础。