RAPID: Shutdowns and Consequences — Extreme Plumbing Stagnation and Recommissioning

RAPID：停机和后果 - 管道极度停滞和重新调试

• 批准号: 2027049
• 负责人: Andrew Whelton
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2027049&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Shutdowns; Consequences; Extreme; Plumbing

The explosive onset of school, business, and event venue shutdowns across the nation to encourage social distancing in response to COVID-19 will be disruptive on multiple levels. While 2-4 week shutdowns are increasingly being declared, some organizations have warned of longer closures. The proposing team's own school and office building water testing evidence indicates such extended shutdowns will have drastic consequences on building drinking water safety: chemical and microbiological water quality potentially presenting serious public health risks. As inhabitants return, they will encounter extremely stagnated water with excessive lead, copper, and bacterial concentrations, that may include pathogens like Legionella pneumophila. There are no national or industry guidelines for building reopening after extended shutdowns. A fundamental understanding of water quality deterioration mechanisms precipitated by large-scale shutdowns and plumbing decontamination is critically lacking. The Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) serves over 100,000 public health professionals and has made clear that building recommissioning practices are lacking. The COVID-19 building closures present a rare opportunity to study chemical-microbiological-physical- material interactions in multiple otherwise operational buildings. At both full- and bench-scales, the team will (1) characterize disinfectant, heavy metal, and bacterial changes during extended building closures, and (2) develop evidence-based plumbing remediation methods to address water quality deterioration. Using a college campus affected by COVID-19, water quality will be characterized in closed or under- utilized buildings over the course of 5 months (Objective 1). All in-person class meetings have been cancelled for spring semester at Purdue, while research activities can continue, allowing real-scale study of buildings impacted by closure. Before fall semester, decontamination procedures will be tested (Objective 2). Bench-scale experiments will be conducted in parallel to simulate water use conditions and probe the fundamental factors that influenced deterioration and plumbing decontamination effectiveness. The team will elucidate the fundamental factors that control extreme chemical and microbiological transformations in plumbing that are occurring nationwide during the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as during many other disasters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

全国范围内的学校，商业和活动场地关闭的爆炸性发作，以鼓励对Covid-19的社会疏远，这将在多个层面上具有破坏性。虽然越来越多地宣布了2-4周的关闭，但一些组织警告关闭更长的关闭。提议团队自己的学校和办公室建筑水测试证据表明，这种扩展的关闭将对建造饮用水安全产生巨大后果：化学和微生物水质可能会带来严重的公共卫生风险。随着居民返回，他们将遇到极度停滞的水，铅，铜和细菌浓度过多，其中可能包括肺炎军团菌等病原体。扩展关闭后，没有用于建筑重新开放的国家或行业指南。严重缺乏对大规模关闭和管道去污染沉淀的水质恶化机制的基本理解。州和领土卫生官员协会（ASTHO）为100,000多名公共卫生专业人员提供服务，并明确表示缺乏建筑物的指导实践。 COVID-19建筑物的封闭提供了一个难得的机会，可以在多个原本运营建筑物中研究化学微生物物质 - 物理 - 物质 - 物质相互作用。在全部和台式尺度上，团队（1）将在扩展建筑物封闭过程中表征消毒剂，重金属和细菌变化，以及（2）开发基于证据的管道补救方法​​来解决水质质量恶化。在5个月的时间里，使用受Vovid-19的大学校园影响，水质将以封闭或使用的建筑物为特征（目标1）。所有面对面的班级会议均已在普渡大学的春季学期取消，而研究活动可以继续进行，从而可以对受封闭影响的建筑物进行实际研究。秋季学期之前，将测试净化程序（目标2）。台式实验将平行于模拟用水条件并探测影响恶化和管道去污染有效性的基本因素。该团队将阐明控制高级化学和微生物变化在Covid-19爆发期间以及许多其他灾难期间在全国范围内发生的极端化学和微生物变换的基本因素。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过该基金会的知识分子功能和广泛的影响来评估CRITERIA CRITERIA的评估。

项目成果

Investigating water safety in multi-purpose buildings used as an elementary school and plumbing remediation effectiveness

调查小学多功能建筑的水安全和管道修复效果

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pwat.0000141
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: PLOS Water
• 作者: Ra, Kyungyeon;Proctor, Caitlin;Ley, Christian;Angert, Danielle;Noh, Yoorae;Isaacson, Kristofer;Shah, Amisha;Whelton, Andrew J.
• 通讯作者: Whelton, Andrew J.