RAPID: Collaborative Research: Adjustment and Effectiveness of Rapid Transition to Remote Work

COVID-19疫情迫使该国大部分劳动力进入远程工作安排。由于需要保持社交距离，通过有效的远程工作安排继续履行基本业务职能的能力是应对全球健康危机的一个关键手段。然而，许多组织没有准备好接纳远程工作人员，同样缺乏对如何在这种安排中促进工作人员持续生产力和福祉的最佳做法的了解。虽然有一个大的身体现存的研究远程工作安排，许多问题仍在调查中。该项目将通过研究几个组织，个人，技术和管理者特征对远程工作人员调整，福祉和生产力的影响来解决这些差距。该项目的研究结果将提供基于证据的最佳实践，许多大型和小型企业可以在未来的流行病和其他极端事件中使用，但也可以在可能越来越希望支持远程工作的正常工作环境中使用。COVID-19大流行突然推动了大规模远程工作安排的需求，但是，我们缺乏关于如何使这种工作富有成效和可持续的关键信息。该项目将从500名全职员工那里获取数据，这些员工在应对COVID-19期间正在远程工作，但之前没有这样做。该项目的第一阶段将收集基线调查，以了解疫情和远程工作过渡前的特点和经验，以及对远程工作流程调整的一般看法。第二阶段是在每个工作日结束时进行为期30天的体验抽样研究，以获取远程工作人员的日常体验、态度和表现。这种小组设计的好处是：1）提供了对多种动态变化如何影响结果的见解; 2）增强了生态有效性; 3）允许研究人员检查人内和人与人之间的过程; 4）减少了回顾性回忆偏差。该项目将与几个工作组织合作收集数据。将使用回归和优势分析分析第1阶段的数据;将使用控制嵌套结构的多水平建模分析第2阶段的数据，调整标准误以考虑缺乏独立性。这些分析还控制了受试者间变量和既往测量值，同时还考虑了缺失数据。该项目的研究成果将为组织理论提供信息，包括组织、个人、工作和技术对工人和工作成果的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced much of the country’s workforce into remote work arrangements. With the need for social distancing, the ability to continue essential business functions through effective remote work arrangements is a key means for addressing the global health crisis. However, many organizations are unprepared to accommodate a remote workforce and likewise lack insight into best practices as to how to promote continued productivity and well-being of the workforce in such arrangements. Although there is a large body of extant research on remote work arrangements, numerous questions remained under investigated. This project will address these gaps by studying the impact of several organizational, individual, technological, and supervisor characteristics on remote worker adjustment, well-being, and productivity. Findings from the project will provide evidence-based best practices that many large and small businesses can use both during future pandemics and other extreme events, but also going forward in normal work environments that may increasingly want to support remote work.The COVID-19 pandemic has suddenly promoted the need for remote work arrangements on a vast scale, but we lack key information regarding what makes such work productive and sustainable. This project will obtain data from 500 full-time employees who are working remotely during the response to COVID-19 but were not doing so previously. The first phase of the project will collect a baseline survey that captures characteristics and experiences prior to the pandemic and remote work transition and general perceptions of the adjustment to remote work process. Phase 2 involves a 30-day experience sampling study administered daily at the end of each workday that will capture day-to-day experiences, attitudes, and performance of remote workers. Benefits of this panel design are: 1) provides insights into how multiple dynamic changes influence outcomes; 2) enhances ecological validity; 3) allows researchers to examine both within- and between-person processes; and 4) reduces retrospective recall biases. The project will partner with several work organizations to collect the data. Data from Phase 1 will be analyzed using regression and dominance analysis; data from Phase 2 will be analyzed using multi-level modeling which controls for nested structures, adjusting standard errors to take into account the lack of independence. These analyses also control for between-subject variables and previous measurements while also accounting for missing data. Findings from the project will inform organizational theories involving the effects of organizations, individuals, work, and technology on workers and work outcomes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.