RAPID: New York Covid-19 Chronicle and Oral History Archive

新冠肺炎疫情是自1918年流感大流行以来美国面临的最严重的公共卫生危机，但不会是最后一次。灾难研究往往具有追溯性，提供对过去行动和正在进行的恢复的描述。新冠肺炎大流行的时间概况为在正在展开的危机中进行社会研究提供了机会，为在胁迫下的风险感知和感觉制造、社区和组织韧性、社会结构的变化以及对严重经济和社会混乱的实时适应提供了当代见解。这个项目以纽约市为重点，将在疫情曲线上记录该市与新冠肺炎的斗争。纽约是了解这场大流行过程的关键地点，因为它是美国疫情的早期震中，因为它拥有强大的市政应急管理系统，对过去与健康相关的和其他方面的灾难有着深刻的经验，还因为它是美国最强大的城市医疗保健系统之一。该项目将提供有关纽约市的实时调查结果，这些调查结果将与大流行弧线上早期阶段的司法管辖区相关，从而帮助其他政府领导人规划有效的应对措施。该项目还将严格记录新冠肺炎紧急情况，以便更好地了解它是如何展开的，更好地为恢复工作提供信息，并吸取经验教训，帮助我们抗击下一次大流行和其他极端事件。这些发现将对各级政府领导人在未来几年促进美国居民的安全至关重要。当前的新冠肺炎疫情挑战了社区和组织的韧性，需要对社会结构进行变革。为了分析这些变化，该项目结合了三种数据收集方法，以捕捉新冠肺炎危机对纽约人不断演变的多维影响。首先，一项有1000人参与的调查将跟踪压力反应、助人行为、社会孤立和韧性方面的变化。从调查中收集的人口统计数据将为招募新参与者提供信息并进行改进。样本将在不同的反应级别上进行分层：日常纽约人、一线工作人员--包括第一和第二反应人员、关键基础设施和其他基本工作人员--以及战略层面的决策者、经理和规划者。这些结果将得到一项有500名参与者的日记研究的数据的补充，以及一系列以扩大间隔对200名叙述者进行的口述历史访谈，以产生关于态度和关系的微观变化与城市结构和动态的宏观变化之间关系的丰富的纵向视角。调查结果将为社会学理论提供有关社会组织微观和宏观层面、灾害准备和应对、风险感知和社会压力之间的关系的信息。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The COVID-19 pandemic is the gravest public health crisis the United States has faced since the Influenza pandemic of 1918, but it will not be the last. Disaster research is often by necessity retrospective, providing accounts of past actions and ongoing recoveries. The temporal profile of the COVID-19 pandemic presents an opportunity for social research in the middle of an unfolding crisis, providing contemporaneous insights into risk perception and sensemaking under duress, community and organizational resilience, transformations in social structure, and real time adaptations to severe economic and social dislocations. Concentrating on New York City, this project will create a contemporaneous record of the city’s battle with COVID-19 across the epidemic curve. New York is a critical site for understanding the course of this pandemic because it was an early epicenter of the disease in the U.S., because it has a robust municipal emergency management system with deep experience of past disasters, health-related and otherwise, and because it is home to one of the nation’s strongest urban healthcare systems. The project will provide real time findings about New York City that will be relevant to jurisdictions in earlier phases along the arc of the pandemic, thus assisting other governmental leaders in planning effective responses. This project will also rigorously document the COVID-19 emergency to better understand how it is unfolding, to better inform the recovery, and to learn lessons that will aid our fight against the next pandemic and other extreme events. These findings will be critical to leaders at all levels of government so as to promote the safety and security of U.S. residents in the years ahead.The current COVID-19 pandemic challenges community and organizational resilience and necessitates transformations in social structure. To analyze these changes, this project combines three approaches to data gathering that capture the evolving and multi-dimensional impact of the COVID-19 crisis on New Yorkers. First, a survey of 1,000 people will track shifts in stress responses, helping behaviors, social isolation, and resilience. Demographic data gathered from the survey will inform and refine recruitment of new participants. The sample will be stratified across different scales of the response: everyday New Yorkers, frontline workers--including first and second responders, critical infrastructure and other essential workers--and strategic level decision makers, managers, and planners. These results will be complemented by data from a diary study with 500 participants, and a sequence of oral history interviews with 200 narrators at expanding intervals, to produce a rich longitudinal perspective on the relationship between micro shifts in attitudes and relations, and macro transformations in urban structures and dynamics. Findings will inform sociological theories regarding the relationship between micro- and macro-levels of social organization, disaster preparedness and response, risk perception and social stress.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.