RAPID: Determination of health risks and Status from SARS-CoV-2 Presence in Urban Water cycle

RAPID：确定城市水循环中 SARS-CoV-2 存在的健康风险和状况

• 批准号: 2029515
• 负责人: Ramesh Goel
• 金额: $ 12.37万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2029515&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Determination; health; risks; Status

COVID-19 has impacted human health on a global scale. Understanding the spread of COVID-19 is thus an urgent national need. This project addresses this need focusing on the urban wastewater treatment system. Wastewater generated by wash water and toilets is known to carry human pathogens. Thus, municipal wastewater represents an important pathway for human exposure to viruses like SARS-CoV2 (the coronavirus that causes COVID-19). The goal of this project is to determine if wastewater obtained from different municipal wastewater treatment plants and sewer lines harbors SARS-CoV2. A secondary goal is to use this information to understand the exposure risk to wastewater treatment plant workers and track community COVID-19 infections. This will be achieved by testing whether SARS-CoV2 (or its genetic material) is present in municipal wastewater. This information will be combined with data on other water quality parameters to establish correlations between SARS-CoV2 and wastewater quality. Results will help understand the risk of exposure to SARS-CoV2 in wastewater treatment plant operators. In addition, the results from this project have potential to be used as a rapid measure to track hotspots of COVID-19 in the community.COVID-19 caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV2 has become a global pandemic, resulting in over a quarter million fatalities worldwide. Although SARS-CoV2 has some similarity to the virus SARS-CoV1 (a well-studied coronavirus responsible for a severe respiratory disease outbreak earlier this century), we still lack information needed to understand the survival and infectivity of this pathogen in municipal wastewater infrastructure. Municipal wastewater generated in kitchens and restrooms is known to carry human viral pathogens, thus representing a potential exposure pathway for humans. The goal of this project is to develop efficient techniques to extract and monitor SARS-CoV2 in wastewater. The secondary goal of this research is to understand human health risks associated with the presence of SARS-CoV2 in municipal wastewater influent and treated effluent. This will be achieved through three broad tasks to: (1) select biomarkers and develop methods for rapid and efficient extraction and analysis of SARS-CoV2 in wastewater; (2) sample wastewater treatment plants and distribution systems to determine spatial and temporal spread; and (3) develop a risk prediction model for exposure to SARS-CoV2. This project will generate data that can be used to develop health risk models for municipal wastewater treatment plant operators. Results generated from this project also hold promise to help epidemiologists and other health professionals to understand and predict COVID-19 outbreaks in the community. This project will expand the diversity of the Nation’s STEM workforce through the education and training of a female graduate student. Broader impacts to society include the potential development of early warning tools to detect the spread of human pathogens such as COVID-19.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

Covid-19在全球范围内影响了人类健康。因此，了解Covid-19的传播是紧迫的国家需求。该项目解决了该需求着重于城市废水处理系统。众所周知，洗涤水和厕所产生的废水携带人类病原体。这是市政废水代表了人类接触SARS-COV2（导致Covid-19的冠状病毒）等病毒的重要途径。该项目的目的是确定废水是否从不同的市政废水处理厂和下水道线中获得SARS-COV2。第二个目标是使用此信息来了解废水处理工厂工人的接触风险，并跟踪社区Covid-19感染。这将通过测试在市政废水中测试SARS-COV2（或其遗传物质）是否存在。该信息将与其他水质参数的数据结合使用，以建立SARS-COV2和废水质量之间的相关性。结果将有助于了解废水处理厂运营商中接触SARS-COV2的风险。此外，该项目的结果有可能用作快速测量，以跟踪社区中Covid-19的热点。由冠状病毒SARS-COV2引起的Covid-19已成为全球大流行，导致全球超过2500万致命的致命性。尽管SARS-COV2与病毒SARS-COV1有一定的相似之处（本世纪早些时候导致严重呼吸系统疾病暴发的冠状病毒经过了良好的冠状病毒），但我们仍然缺乏了解这种病原体在市政废水基础设施中的生存和感染所需的信息。众所周知，在厨房和洗手间产生的市政废水携带人类病毒病原体，从而代表了人类的潜在暴露途径。该项目的目的是开发有效的技术来提取和监视废水中的SARS-COV2。这项研究的次要目标是了解与市政废水影响并有效治疗的人类健康风险。这将通过三个广泛的任务来实现：（1）选择生物标志物，并开发方法来快速有效提取和分析废水中的SARS-COV2； （2）样品废水处理厂和分配系统，以确定空间和临时扩散； （3）开发一个暴露于SARS-COV2的风险预测模型。该项目将生成可用于开发文化废水处理厂运营商的健康风险模型的数据。该项目产生的结果也有望帮助流行病学家和其他卫生专业人员理解和预测社区中的Covid-19爆发。该项目将通过女性研究生的教育和培训来扩大美国STEM劳动力的多样性。对社会的广泛影响包括潜在的预警工具的潜在开发，以检测人类病原体的传播，例如Covid-199。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来评估，被认为是珍贵的支持。