权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

ARTS: North American Inocybaceae: A systematic and taxonomic revision

艺术：北美木浆科：系统和分类学修订

基本信息

批准号：
2030779
负责人：
Patrick Matheny
金额：
$ 59.24万
依托单位：
University of Tennessee Knoxville
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-15 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2030779&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
ARTS North American Inocybaceae systematic

项目摘要

Fungi are staggeringly diverse with anywhere from 1-10 million species estimated worldwide. However, only a fraction has been formally described. The Inocybaceae is a family of mushroom-forming fungi estimated to contain some 300 species in North America, but many of these have not been revised in decades, most are known from very few collections, and species are difficult to identify based on morphology alone. The Inocybaceae is important because its species form plant root mutualisms with trees like pines and oaks in forested and urban settings, and many species are toxic to humans and pets. This award will fund research to revise and synthesize the Inocybaceae from North America, thus enabling a better understanding of its diversity and provide resources for identification of species and more inclusive taxa. Support will be provided to train graduate students, undergraduates, and citizen scientists in the field of systematics and taxonomy, which aims to understand how organisms have diversified over time and their identification and classification. This research will also improve natural history collections in the United States and enable the Inocybaceae to become a model group for future studies in other research areas of biology.Researchers in this project will produce a modern systematic revision of the Inocybaceae based on evolutionary theory. Individual species will be revised based on input from natural history collections in museums and herbaria augmented by fresh samples from the field and environmental DNA. Numerous type specimens will be molecularly annotated to affirm their taxonomic status and relationship to extant collections. This will result in the first monograph of the family in 100 years, aid modern floristic treatments by region in North America, and result in description of many novel species. Measures of functional diversity will be made across the Inocybaceae and its sister group, the Crepidotaceae, using stable isotope data of nitrogen and carbon to evaluate the timing and number of shifts to the mycorrhizal habit. Several hypotheses regarding macroevolution and macroecology will be assessed. These entail a putative increase in diversification in temperate descendants of tropical ancestors and adaptive or functional links between certain morphological features and biogeographical traits.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

真菌是惊人的多样性与任何地方从1-10万种估计全世界。然而，只有一小部分被正式描述。Inocybaceae是一个家庭的蘑菇形成的真菌估计包含约300种在北美，但其中许多没有被修订了几十年，大多数是已知的从非常少的集合，和物种是难以确定的基础上形态单独。Inocybaceae很重要，因为它的物种在森林和城市环境中与松树和橡树等树木形成植物根系互惠关系，许多物种对人类和宠物有毒。该奖项将资助研究，以修改和合成来自北美的Inocybaceae，从而能够更好地了解其多样性，并为物种和更具包容性的分类群的鉴定提供资源。将支持在系统学和分类学领域培训研究生、本科生和公民科学家，其目的是了解生物如何随着时间的推移而多样化，以及它们的识别和分类。这项研究还将改善美国的自然历史收藏，并使Inocybaceae成为未来生物学其他研究领域研究的模式群体。该项目的研究人员将根据进化理论对Inocybaceae进行现代系统修订。个别物种将根据博物馆和植物标本馆的自然历史收藏品的输入进行修改，并通过实地和环境DNA的新鲜样本进行补充。许多模式标本将分子注释，以确认其分类地位和现存的收藏品的关系。这将导致该科在100年内的第一本专著，帮助北美地区的现代植物区系处理，并导致许多新物种的描述。功能多样性的措施将在Inocybaceae和它的姐妹组，Crepidotaceae，使用氮和碳的稳定同位素数据，以评估的时间和数量的转变为菌根的习惯。将评估关于宏观进化和宏观生态学的几个假设。这意味着热带祖先的温带后代的多样性增加，以及某些形态特征和地理特征之间的适应性或功能性联系。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。