Identifying the determinants of high protein content in seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris

确定菜豆种子中高蛋白质含量的决定因素

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2031336
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 90.34万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2021-08-01 至 2024-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The first farmers initiated the process of domestication of present day crops approximately 8 to 12,000 years ago by selecting plants with desirable traits from ancestral wild populations. During the domesticatin of common bean these traits included, among others, increased seed size, which increased yield and productivity due to a five- to eight-fold increase in seed weight. The increase in seed weight was associated with an increase in the relative starch content at the expense of protein content, perhaps explained by the fact that it is energetically less expensive for the plant to fill the large seeds with starch than with protein. It appears that early-farmers inadvertently selected for genes that can synthesize high levels of seed starch, along with genes that make larger seeds. With a focus on improving protein content, this project examines the basic molecular underpinnings of how starch and protein content is varied. Understanding how the balance of protein to starch is regulated during seed development will help explain how this important traits are controlled. Genes that control the relative content of starch and protein in common bean seeds will be identified by comparing developmental expression in wild and domesticated varieties. Knowledge about these genes and the mechanism by which they operate could help us improve the protein and nutritional content of present day beans through genetic manipulation. During the research, high school teachers will gain lab experience and will contribute to the development of high school teaching modules in quantitative development Two graduate students will be trained on the latest biological and technological approaches and procedures applicable to this project.Domestication of seed crops resulted in seed size and yield increases. These gains were attained through increases in relative starch content at the expense of protein accumulation. Although on a dry weight basis starch and protein have the same caloric content, protein biosynthesis is several-fold more metabolically expensive than starch biosynthesis. Increases in relative starch content are correlated with decreases in relative protein content because the biosynthesis of these polymers draws from the same carbon pool. The main objective of this proposal is to identify key determinants of the strength of protein and starch sinks in seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris. This objective will be accomplished through a comparative analysis of evolutionary changes that separated the Andean from the Mesoamerican gene pool, and cultivated forms from their wild ancestors in each pool. Phenotypic and gene expression differences will be evaluated in the context of a developmental index based on mathematical descriptions of seed/pod growth and development. Genes with a differential pattern of expression that is correlated with phenotypic differences will be subjected to genetic analysis to identify genes responsible for phenotypic differences. The nutritional value of beans and other legumes could be improved after the identification of genes that control protein and starch sink strength in the seed. In addition, increasing seed protein content will help increase the reliance of human diet on plant-based protein because animal protein production is associated with environmental degradation. The educational component of this project includes the training of two graduate students, two high school teachers and the public at large.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
大约在8至1.2万年前,第一批农民通过从祖先的野生种群中选择具有理想性状的植物,开始了对今天作物的驯化过程。在普通豆的驯化过程中,这些性状包括种子大小的增加,由于种子重量增加了5到8倍,从而提高了产量和生产力。种子重量的增加与相对淀粉含量的增加有关,而蛋白质含量却减少了,这也许可以解释为植物用淀粉填充大种子比用蛋白质填充大种子在能量上更便宜这一事实。早期的农民似乎无意中选择了能够合成高水平种子淀粉的基因,以及能够产生更大种子的基因。以提高蛋白质含量为重点,本项目研究淀粉和蛋白质含量变化的基本分子基础。了解在种子发育过程中蛋白质与淀粉的平衡是如何被调节的,将有助于解释这一重要性状是如何被控制的。控制普通豆种子中淀粉和蛋白质相对含量的基因将通过比较野生和驯化品种的发育表达来鉴定。对这些基因及其运作机制的了解可以帮助我们通过基因操作来提高现在豆类的蛋白质和营养含量。在研究过程中,高中教师将获得实验室经验,并将为定量发展的高中教学模块的发展做出贡献。两名研究生将接受有关适用于该项目的最新生物和技术方法和程序的培训。种子作物的驯化导致种子大小和产量的增加。这些收获是通过以牺牲蛋白质积累为代价增加相对淀粉含量来实现的。尽管以干重为基础,淀粉和蛋白质具有相同的热量含量,但蛋白质生物合成的代谢成本是淀粉生物合成的几倍。相对淀粉含量的增加与相对蛋白质含量的减少相关,因为这些聚合物的生物合成来自相同的碳库。本提案的主要目的是确定菜豆种子中蛋白质和淀粉库强度的关键决定因素。这一目标将通过比较分析安第斯人与中美洲人基因库的进化变化,以及每个基因库中栽培形式与野生祖先的进化变化来实现。表型和基因表达差异将在基于种子/豆荚生长和发育的数学描述的发育指数的背景下进行评估。具有与表型差异相关的差异表达模式的基因将进行遗传分析,以确定导致表型差异的基因。在确定了控制种子中蛋白质和淀粉沉淀强度的基因后,可以提高豆类和其他豆类的营养价值。此外,增加种子蛋白质含量将有助于增加人类饮食对植物性蛋白质的依赖,因为动物蛋白质的生产与环境退化有关。这个项目的教育部分包括培训两名研究生、两名高中教师和广大公众。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

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Carlos Vallejos其他文献

Prognostic correlations and response to treatment in advanced metastatic malignant melanoma.
晚期转移性恶性黑色素瘤的预后相关性和治疗反应。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    1974
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    11.2
  • 作者:
    Lawrence H. Einhorn;M. Burgess;Carlos Vallejos;G. P. Bodey;Jordan U. Gutterman;G. Mavligit;E. Hersh;James K. Luce;Emil Frei;Emil J. Freireich;J. A. Gottlieb
  • 通讯作者:
    J. A. Gottlieb
Análisis Costo Efectividad del Stent Farmacológico V/S Stent no Farmacológico en Cardiopatía Isquémica en Chile
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.vhri.2012.09.008
  • 发表时间:
    2012-12-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Catherine De la Puente;Carlos Vallejos;Mónica Velásquez;David Soto;Juan Orellana
  • 通讯作者:
    Juan Orellana
P1.01-050 Overall Survival in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients Treated at Oncosalud-AUNA: Topic: Prognostic Factors, Treatment
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.574
  • 发表时间:
    2017-01-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Alfredo Aguilar;Claudio Flores;Luis Mas;José María Gutierrez;Luis Pinillos;Carlos Vallejos
  • 通讯作者:
    Carlos Vallejos

Carlos Vallejos的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Carlos Vallejos', 18)}}的其他基金

Merging Crop Modeling and Genetics: A Training Workshop, August 2014, Univerity of Florida.
作物建模与遗传学的融合:培训研讨会,2014 年 8 月,佛罗里达大学。
  • 批准号:
    1419187
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 90.34万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Development of a Gene-Based Ecophysiology Model
基于基因的生态生理学模型的开发
  • 批准号:
    0923975
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 90.34万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Genetic analysis of root traits associated with domestication of Phaseolus vulgaris
菜豆驯化相关根性状的遗传分析
  • 批准号:
    0920145
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 90.34万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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