Modeling and Radiosonde Data Investigations of Turbulence and Mixing in the Vicinity of the Tropopause

对流层顶附近的湍流和混合的建模和无线电探空仪数据研究

• 批准号: 2032678
• 负责人: Ling Wang
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2032678&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Modeling; Radiosonde; Data; Investigations; Turbulence

The tropopause is the level of the atmosphere that can be thought of as a dividing line between the lower atmosphere (troposphere) and middle atmosphere (stratosphere). This level is relevant for several reasons, one of which is that it can be a turbulent region where aircraft fly. In this award, the research team will make use of a special set of weather balloon data and high-resolution numerical modeling to investigate turbulence in the tropopause region. Beyond aviation safety, the project is also relevant for understanding how water vapor and chemical constituents move from the troposphere to the stratosphere, which affects the global climate. A graduate student will also receive training under this award.This work is aimed at answering questions about instability and turbulence in the vicinity of the tropopause. The two major goals of the project are to determine where atmospheric turbulence maximizes in relation to tropopause height and to derive estimates of effective turbulent mixing in the vicinity of the tropopause. The main tools that will be used include the US High Vertical Resolution Radiosonde Data (HVRRD) archive from 2005-on and numerical modeling using direct numerical simulations (DNS). The specific questions to be addressed include: 1) Why have some previous investigations of atmospheric turbulence found the maximum turbulence in the free atmosphere to be below the tropopause, while others have found the maximum to be above the tropopause? 2) How does the profile of atmospheric turbulence in the vicinity of the tropopause derived from Thorpe analysis of U.S. HVRRD vary from station to station? How does it depend on the underlying topography? Is there a systematic variation with latitude? Are there seasonal and diurnal variations? Can we explain these variations by gravity wave breaking or Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and different tropopause configurations? 3) How does the average turbulent mixing in the vicinity of the tropopause compare to the “effective mixing”, taking account of the presence of observed intermittent, thin, turbulent layers?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

对流层顶是大气的高度，可以被认为是低层大气（对流层）和中层大气（平流层）之间的分界线。这一水平与几个原因相关，其中一个原因是它可能是飞机飞行的湍流区域。在这项合同中，研究小组将利用一套特殊的气象气球数据和高分辨率数值模拟来研究对流层顶区域的湍流。除了航空安全之外，该项目还与了解水蒸气和化学成分如何从对流层移动到平流层有关，这影响了全球气候。研究生也将在该奖项下接受培训。这项工作旨在回答有关对流层顶附近的不稳定和湍流的问题。该项目的两个主要目标是确定与对流层顶高度相关的大气湍流最大的位置，并得出对流层顶附近有效湍流混合的估计。将使用的主要工具包括2005年以来的美国高垂直分辨率无线电探空数据（HVRRD）档案和使用直接数值模拟（DNS）的数值模拟。要解决的具体问题包括：1)为什么以前一些关于大气湍流的研究发现自由大气中的最大湍流在对流层顶以下，而另一些研究发现最大湍流在对流层顶以上？2)从美国HVRRD的Thorpe分析得到的对流层顶附近大气湍流剖面在不同台站之间有何不同？它是如何依赖于下伏地形的？是否有系统的纬度变化？是否有季节和日变化？我们能否通过重力波破裂或开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性和不同的对流层顶结构来解释这些变化？3)考虑到观测到的间歇性薄湍流层的存在，对流层顶附近的平均湍流混合与“有效混合”相比如何？该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Multi‐Scale Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability Dynamics Observed by PMC Turbo on 12 July 2018: 1. Secondary Instabilities and Billow Interactions

PMC Turbo 于 2018 年 7 月 12 日观测到的多尺度开尔文亥姆霍兹不稳定性动力学： 1. 二次不稳定性和巨浪相互作用

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jd036232
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Kjellstrand, C. Bjorn;Fritts, David C.;Miller, Amber D.;Williams, Bifford P.;Kaifler, Natalie;Geach, Christopher;Hanany, Shaul;Kaifler, Bernd;Jones, Glenn;Limon, Michele
• 通讯作者: Limon, Michele

Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability “Tube” and “Knot” Dynamics. Part II: KHI T&K Dynamics in a Multiscale Gravity Wave Direct Numerical Simulation

开尔文 - 亥姆霍兹不稳定性 - 管 - 和 - 结 - 动力学。

• DOI: 10.1175/jas-d-22-0193.1
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Fritts, David C.;Wang, Ling
• 通讯作者: Wang, Ling

Multi-scale dynamics of Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities. Part 1. Secondary instabilities and the dynamics of tubes and knots

开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性的多尺度动力学。

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2021.1085
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Fritts, David C.;Wang, L.;Lund, T.S.;Thorpe, S.A.
• 通讯作者: Thorpe, S.A.

Instabilities, Dynamics, and Energetics accompanying Atmospheric Layering (IDEAL): high-resolution in situ observations and modeling in and above the nocturnal boundary layer

伴随大气分层 (IDEAL) 的不稳定性、动力学和能量学：夜间边界层内外的高分辨率原位观测和建模

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-15-4023-2022
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Doddi, Abhiram;Lawrence, Dale;Fritts, David;Wang, Ling;Lund, Thomas;Brown, William;Zajic, Dragan;Kantha, Lakshmi
• 通讯作者: Kantha, Lakshmi

Turbulence Transitions in Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability “Tube” and “Knot” Dynamics: Vorticity, Helicity, and Twist Waves

开尔文 - 亥姆霍兹不稳定性 - 管 - 和 - 结 - 动力学中的湍流转变：涡度、螺旋度和扭转波

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Atmosphere
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Fritts, David C.;Lund, Thomas S.;Lund, Adam C.;Wang, Ling
• 通讯作者: Wang, Ling