GEM: Magnetosheath Transport from Local Kinetics to Global Dynamics

GEM：从局部动力学到全局动力学的磁鞘传输

• 批准号: 2033563
• 负责人: Tuija Pulkkinen
• 金额: $ 42.64万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-11-01 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2033563&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GEM; Magnetosheath; Transport; Local; Kinetics

The geospace environment is complex. Changes in the solar wind affect the magnetosphere, the outer layer of the atmosphere that consists of relativistic particles influenced by the geomagnetic field. This in turn leads to changes further down in the ionosphere. This solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere system is the crucial set of regions where space weather occurs. This work will model the energetics of the geospace environment to understand important plasma physics processes that lead to quantifiable effects of space weather. Additionally, the project supports junior scientists (a graduate student and post-doctoral researcher) in a diverse international collaboration, creates animations of the geospace environment for public presentations, and develops improved risk metrics for space weather processes.The work will quantitatively assess the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere energetics including effects of solar wind and magnetosheath fluctuations to resolve the energy dissipation processes and paths under a variety of solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions. The Space Weather Modeling Framework Geospace model, Geospace with local particle in cell code, and the Vlasiator global Vlasov simulation codes will be used. Methods will be developed to evaluate the energy flux through plasma boundaries, assess energy entry to and exit from the magnetosphere, and energy dissipation in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. The kinetic effects are assessed by model comparisons.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球空间环境是复杂的。太阳风的变化会影响磁层，磁层是大气层的外层，由受地磁场影响的相对论粒子组成。这反过来又导致电离层进一步发生变化。太阳风-磁层-电离层系统是空间天气发生的关键区域。这项工作将模拟地球空间环境的能量学，以了解导致空间天气可量化影响的重要等离子体物理过程。此外，该项目还支持初级科学家（一名研究生和博士后研究员）在一个多样化的国际合作，创造了地球空间环境的动画公开演示，并为空间天气过程开发改进的风险度量。这项工作将定量评估太阳风-磁层-电离层能量学，包括太阳风和磁鞘波动的影响，以解决各种太阳风下的能量耗散过程和路径和行星际磁场条件。将使用空间气象建模框架Geospace模型、单元代码中带有局部粒子的Geospace和Vlasiator全球Vlasov模拟代码。将制定各种方法，以评价通过等离子体边界的能流，评估能量进入和离开磁层，以及电离层和磁层中的能量耗散。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Magnetotail plasma eruptions driven by magnetic reconnection and kinetic instabilities

磁重联和动力学不稳定性驱动的磁尾等离子体喷发

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01206-2
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Palmroth, Minna;Pulkkinen, Tuija I.;Ganse, Urs;Pfau-Kempf, Yann;Koskela, Tuomas;Zaitsev, Ivan;Alho, Markku;Cozzani, Giulia;Turc, Lucile;Battarbee, Markus
• 通讯作者: Battarbee, Markus

Multipoint Observations of the Dynamics at an ICME Sheath–Ejecta Boundary

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acf99e
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: M. Ala‐Lahti;Tuija Pulkkinen;J. Ruohotie;M. Akhavan-Tafti;S. Good;E. Kilpua

Statistics of geomagnetic storms: Global simulations perspective

• DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2022.972150
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 作者: T. Pulkkinen;A. Brenner;Q. Al Shidi;G. Tóth

Stormtime Energetics: Energy Transport Across the Magnetopause in a Global MHD Simulation

• DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2021.756732
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 作者: A. Brenner;T. Pulkkinen;Q. Al Shidi;G. Tóth

Transmission of an ICME Sheath Into the Earth's Magnetosheath and the Occurrence of Traveling Foreshocks

• DOI: 10.1029/2021ja029896
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: M. Ala‐Lahti;A. Dimmock;T. Pulkkinen;S. Good;E. Yordanova;L. Turc;E. Kilpua