SBIR Phase I: Blockchain-Enabled Clinical Registry Program

这个小企业创新研究(SBIR)项目的更广泛影响和商业潜力将为高度监管的行业开发新的网络安全，并扩大区块链的应用，专注于加强和保护不同利益攸关方之间的医疗数据交换。到目前为止，医疗同意可以涉及多方：参与者、医疗中心、医生、各种研究机构的伦理审查委员会和赞助商。每个小组维护独立的系统，导致延迟和潜在的滥用潜在的临床数据。此外，最低限度的控制确保了数据输入的完整性和准确性，导致对数据的信心降低和停滞不前，并失去了获得真实世界学习体验的机会。拟议的项目提议建立一个概念验证、分散的数字健康数据平台。它可以扩展到其他监管严格的行业，在这些行业，它可以提高数据集的准确性、保密性和安全性。这个SBIR第一阶段项目将利用区块链的不变性来提供先进的电子医疗同意服务，确保同意交易的完整性，以及新的发布/订阅和细粒度、基于属性的访问控制，以审计对底层数据集的访问。此外，该项目将采用新的加密方法，以保护通过该系统的交易和消息的隐私。该方法建立在新兴的门限密码学标准之上，但提出了一种新的矢量标签输入门限加密方法。今天的带标签的阈值加密实现只使用单个字符串作为标签，但是向量标签输入的阈值加密实现将支持向量字符串作为标签。这允许系统在签署交易并将其提交到区块链上的分类账时检查任意数量的基于字符串的属性，从而实现了一种创新的细粒度访问控制方法。为了实现高性能、总顺序保持的数据流，该项目将结合发布/订阅消息传递模式的创新与实践状态的区块链技术平台。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The broader impact and commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) project will develop novel cybersecurity for highly regulated industries and expand the applications of blockchain, focusing on enhancing and securing the exchange of medical data among different stakeholders. To date, medical consents can involve multiple parties: participant, medical center, physician, ethical review boards across various research institutions, and sponsors. Each group maintains independent systems, resulting in delays and potential for misuse of underlying clinical data. Additionally, minimal controls ensure the data input's completeness and accuracy, leading to lower confidence in and stagnation of the data and lost opportunity for real-world learning experiences. The proposed project proposes to establish a proof-of-concept decentralized, digital health data platform. It can be expanded to other highly regulated industries where it can improve the accuracy, confidentiality and security of data sets. This SBIR Phase I project will utilize blockchain immutability to provide an advanced electronic medical consenting service, ensuring the integrity of consenting transactions and a novel publish/subscribe and fine-grained, attribute-based access control to audit access to underlying datasets. Additionally, the project will employ novel approaches to encryption that can preserve the privacy of the transactions and messages that transit the system. The approach is built on emerging threshold cryptography standards, but proposes a novel vector-label-input threshold encryption. Today's labeled threshold encryption implementations only take a single string as a label, but a vector-label-input threshold encryption implementation will support a vector of strings as labels. This enables an innovative approach to fine-grained access control by allowing the system to check for any number of string-based attributes at the time the transactions are signed and committed into the ledger on the blockchain. To enable high-performance, total-order preserving data streams, the project will combine innovations in the publish/subscribe messaging pattern with state-of-practice blockchain technology platforms.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.