Trade-offs, limits to adaptation, and multiple solutions: rules elucidated by selective breeding for high activity levels

权衡、适应限制和多种解决方案:通过选择性育种阐明高活性水平的规则

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2038528
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2021-07-01 至 2025-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

This project focuses on understanding how organisms make trade-offs in energy allocation to different activities and how multiple solutions to enhance locomotor activity may evolve. Biological diversity encompasses not only numbers of species but the functional diversity that they exhibit. Organisms work in a variety of ways, and often exhibit trade-offs and multiple solutions. One example of a trade-off is the negative relationship between the number of offspring produced and the size of individual offspring, as documented in many groups of plants and animals. This trade-off is often attributed to a constraint on the total amount of energy available for reproduction. Multiple solutions are apparent in the various ways that flight has evolved (e.g., birds versus bats). This research project addresses both of these phenomena in the context of a novel experiment that involves selective breeding for high voluntary levels of exercise in house mice. Two hypotheses will be tested: (1) selection for high activity is associated with reductions in lifetime reproductive success, representing a trade-off between locomotor activity and fitness, and (2) the trade-off between average running speed and duration that has evolved among the high-activity mouse lines is reflected in corresponding differences in characteristics of their muscle tissues. The project will help to elucidate the fundamental nature of biodiversity. The results will be disseminated in scientific publications and Wikipedia pages will be created and updated. An online Open Educational Resource version of Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology, an undergraduate course, will be developed. This project will involve training for both graduate students and undergraduates in a collaborative, integrative, and cross-disciplinary research setting. To increase participation and diversity, students from underrepresented groups and educationally or economically disadvantaged backgrounds will be recruited.Trade-offs and multiple solutions are inherent to life and appear to underlie a substantial amount of the variation in biodiversity over time. However, few studies have used experimental evolution to address these topics. The proposed research will use selection for high locomotor activity, in a model organism (laboratory house mice), to elucidate trade-offs and multiple solutions during locomotor evolution. Because locomotor activity is a key component of the life history of animals, results of these studies should provide insight into general principles. The research will take advantage of a unique resource comprising four replicate lines of High Runner mice that have been selectively bred for more than 90 generations for voluntary locomotor activity, and an additional four lines that serve as non-selected Controls. Aim 1 will test for reduced lifetime reproductive success in the selected lines and whether this trade-off manifests in different ways in the replicate lines (e.g., reduced litter size vs. reduced length of reproductive lifespan). Aim 2 will test whether trade-offs in muscle function underlie the trade-off between average running speed and duration that has evolved among the four selected lines, and if multiple solutions at the level of muscle performance are involved. The mouse lines will be made available to other researchers, and the online course materials and Wikipedia content to be developed will be broadly disseminated. Several undergraduate and graduate students, recruited from groups traditionally under-represented in science, will participate in the research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
该项目的重点是了解生物体如何在不同活动的能量分配中进行权衡,以及如何发展多种增强运动活动的解决方案。 生物多样性不仅包括物种数量,还包括它们所表现出的功能多样性。 生物体以多种方式发挥作用,并且经常表现出权衡和多种解决方案。 权衡的一个例子是产生的后代数量与个体后代的大小之间的负相关关系,正如许多植物和动物群体中所记录的那样。这种权衡通常归因于可用于繁殖的能量总量的限制。 飞行进化的各种方式(例如鸟类与蝙蝠)显然存在多种解决方案。 该研究项目在一项新颖的实验中解决了这两种现象,该实验涉及选择性培育家鼠以实现高自愿运动水平。 将测试两个假设:(1)对高活动的选择与终生繁殖成功率的降低有关,代表运动活动和健康之间的权衡;(2)高活动小鼠品系中进化的平均跑步速度和持续时间之间的权衡反映在其肌肉组织特征的相应差异上。 该项目将有助于阐明生物多样性的基本性质。 研究结果将在科学出版物中传播,维基百科页面将被创建和更新。 将开发本科课程生态与进化生理学的在线开放教育资源版本。 该项目将涉及在协作、综合和跨学科研究环境中对研究生和本科生进行培训。 为了增加参与度和多样性,将招募来自代表性不足群体和教育或经济弱势背景的学生。权衡和多种解决方案是生命所固有的,并且似乎是生物多样性随着时间的推移而发生大量变化的基础。 然而,很少有研究使用实验进化来解决这些主题。 拟议的研究将在模型生物体(实验室小鼠)中使用高运动活动的选择来阐明运动进化过程中的权衡和多种解决方案。 由于运动活动是动物生命史的关键组成部分,因此这些研究的结果应该有助于了解一般原则。 该研究将利用一种独特的资源,其中包括四个复制品系的 High Runner 小鼠,这些小鼠已被选择性地培育了 90 多代,用于自主运动活动,另外还有四个品系作为非选择对照。 目标 1 将测试所选品系中终生繁殖成功率的降低,以及这种权衡是否在复制品系中以不同的方式体现(例如,产仔数减少与繁殖寿命长度缩短)。 目标 2 将测试肌肉功能的权衡是否是平均跑步速度和持续时间之间的权衡的基础,这在四个选定的系列中已经演变,以及是否涉及肌肉性能水平的多个解决方案。 这些小鼠品系将提供给其他研究人员,待开发的在线课程材料和维基百科内容将得到广泛传播。 从传统上在科学界代表性不足的群体中招募的几名本科生和研究生将参与这项研究。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Trade-Offs (and Constraints) in Organismal Biology
  • DOI:
    10.1086/717897
  • 发表时间:
    2022-01-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.6
  • 作者:
    Garland, Theodore;Downs, Cynthia J.;Ives, Anthony R.
  • 通讯作者:
    Ives, Anthony R.
Multiple solutions at the genomic level in response to selective breeding for high locomotor activity
基因组水平上的多种解决方案,以响应高运动活性的选择性育种
  • DOI:
    10.1093/genetics/iyac165
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.3
  • 作者:
    Hillis, David A.;Garland, Jr, Theodore;Gleason, ed., J.
  • 通讯作者:
    Gleason, ed., J.
The Inverse Krogh Principle: All Organisms Are Worthy of Study
  • DOI:
    10.1086/721620
  • 发表时间:
    2023-01-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.6
  • 作者:
    Clark, Christopher J.;Hutchinson, John R.;Garland, Theodore
  • 通讯作者:
    Garland, Theodore
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Theodore Garland其他文献

Genetic variation and correlations between genotype and locomotor physiology in outbred laboratory house mice (Mus domesticus).
远交实验室家鼠(Mus Domesticus)基因型与运动生理学之间的遗传变异和相关性。
Does Behavior Evolve First? Correlated Responses to Selection for Voluntary Wheel-Running Behavior in House Mice.
行为首先进化吗?
  • DOI:
    10.1086/730153
  • 发表时间:
    2024
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Rahim H. Khan;Justin S. Rhodes;Isabelle A. Girard;Nicole E. Schwartz;Theodore Garland
  • 通讯作者:
    Theodore Garland
Quantitative genetics of maximal oxygen consumption in a garter snake.
袜带蛇最大耗氧量的定量遗传学。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    1990
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Theodore Garland;Albert F. Bennett
  • 通讯作者:
    Albert F. Bennett
Predictors of avian and mammalian translocation success: reanalysis with phylogenetically independent contrasts
鸟类和哺乳动物易位成功的预测因素:系统发育独立对比的重新分析
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    1998
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    C. M. Wolf;Theodore Garland;Brad Griffith
  • 通讯作者:
    Brad Griffith
The evolution of demographic tactics in lizards: a test of some hypotheses concerning life history evolution
蜥蜴人口策略的演变:对有关生活史进化的一些假设的检验
  • DOI:
    10.1046/j.1420-9101.1998.11030329.x
  • 发表时间:
    1998
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.1
  • 作者:
    Jean Clobert;Theodore Garland;Robert Barbault
  • 通讯作者:
    Robert Barbault

Theodore Garland的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Theodore Garland', 18)}}的其他基金

OPUS: Experimental Evolution of a Complex Trait in a Vertebrate Model Organism
OPUS:脊椎动物模型生物复杂性状的实验进化
  • 批准号:
    1655362
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Responses to Selective Breeding for High Voluntary Activity in House Mice
对家鼠高自愿活动选择性育种的反应
  • 批准号:
    1121273
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Comparative Analysis of the Costs of Sexually Selected Traits within Swordtails and Platyfish
论文研究:剑尾鱼和鸭嘴鱼性选择性状成本的比较分析
  • 批准号:
    0709788
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Responses to Selective Breeding for High Voluntary Activity in House Mice
对家鼠高自愿活动选择性育种的反应
  • 批准号:
    0543429
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Responses to Artificial Selection for Voluntary Activity in Mice
对小鼠自愿活动人工选择的反应
  • 批准号:
    0212567
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Phylogenetic Analyses of the Evolution of Continuous Characters
连续性状进化的系统发育分析
  • 批准号:
    0196384
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Phylogenetic Analyses of the Evolution of Continuous Characters
连续性状进化的系统发育分析
  • 批准号:
    9981967
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
REU: Responses to Artificial Selection for Voluntary Activity in House Mice
REU:对家鼠自愿活动人工选择的反应
  • 批准号:
    9728434
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Morphological & Physiological Correlates of Locomotor Performance
形态学
  • 批准号:
    9723758
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Phylogenetic Analyses of the Evolution of Continuous Characters
连续性状进化的系统发育分析
  • 批准号:
    9509343
  • 财政年份:
    1995
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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Fundamental limits and trade-offs of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering
平流层气溶胶地球工程的基本限制和权衡
  • 批准号:
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    2021
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反馈控制的限制和权衡
  • 批准号:
    7597111
  • 财政年份:
    2008
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Limits and Trade-offs of Feedback Control
反馈控制的限制和权衡
  • 批准号:
    7465045
  • 财政年份:
    2008
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    $ 68.75万
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Limits and trade-offs of feedback control
反馈控制的限制和权衡
  • 批准号:
    9291476
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    2008
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    $ 68.75万
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Limits and Trade-offs of Feedback Control
反馈控制的限制和权衡
  • 批准号:
    8232018
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Limits and Trade-offs of Feedback Control
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Limits and Trade-offs of Feedback Control
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    7780324
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    2008
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Limits and trade-offs of feedback control
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CAREER: Fundamental Performance Limits and Trade-offs in Wireless Embedded Sensor Networks
职业:无线嵌入式传感器网络的基本性能限制和权衡
  • 批准号:
    0347390
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    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 68.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
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