REU: Responses to Artificial Selection for Voluntary Activity in House Mice

REU：对家鼠自愿活动人工选择的反应

• 批准号: 9728434
• 负责人: Theodore Garland
• 金额: $ 15.94万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-06-01 至 2001-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9728434&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REU; Responses; Artificial; Selection; Voluntary

9728434 T. Garland Jr. Responses to artificial selection for voluntary activity in house mice Non-Technical Summary During the course of evolution, changes in behavior, morphology, and physiology occur in some correlated fashion. Natural selection that leads to changes in one trait also produces changes in other traits. Artificial selection, where individuals possessing extreme values for some trait are mated with one another over many generations, has been used to establish lines of house mice that have a 120% greater level of voluntary activity. Using four such lines, along with control lines that were not subjected to selection, this research will explore the morphological and physiological changes that are correlated with this change in behavior. It will explore traits such as oxygen consumption, heart mass and blood hemoglobin levels to determine differences in locomotor performance capabilities. In addition, function of the endocrine system, limb bone proportions, muscle fiber types and the activities of key enzymes in both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism will be examined. This research will bring to bear a wide array of sophisticated, modern methodology from the fields of functional morphology, respiratory physiology, endocrinology and genetics to these truly integrative studies of the evolution of behavior. The selected lines produced by this research will be made available to other researchers and will provide an important model system for studying effects of voluntary activity in behavior on physical fitness, health, lifespan and other aspects of life history in mammals. This project constitutes a pioneering study upon which this potential for future research rests.

9728434 T.小加兰 小鼠自主活动对人工选择的反应 非技术性总结 在进化过程中，行为、形态和生理的变化以某种相关的方式发生。 自然选择导致一个性状的变化，也会导致其他性状的变化。 人工选择，即在某些性状上具有极端值的个体在许多代中相互交配，已被用于建立具有120%以上自愿活动水平的家鼠品系。 使用四个这样的线，沿着与对照线，没有受到选择，本研究将探讨形态和生理变化，与这种行为的变化。 它将探索诸如耗氧量、心脏质量和血液血红蛋白水平等特征，以确定运动表现能力的差异。 此外，还将检查内分泌系统的功能，四肢骨骼比例，肌纤维类型以及有氧和无氧代谢中关键酶的活性。 这项研究将带来广泛的复杂的，现代的方法，从功能形态学，呼吸生理学，内分泌学和遗传学领域的行为进化的这些真正的综合研究。 这项研究所产生的选定品系将提供给其他研究人员，并将为研究自愿行为对哺乳动物体能，健康，寿命和生活史其他方面的影响提供重要的模型系统。 该项目是一项开创性的研究，未来的研究潜力就在于此。