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High-throughput phenotyping of nitrogen and biomass partitioning of central European wheat cultivars and breeding lines during grain filling in different climatic zones

不同气候带中欧小麦品种和育种系灌浆期间氮和生物量分配的高通量表型

基本信息

批准号：
244782295
负责人：
Professor Dr. Urs Schmidhalter
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Pflanzenernährung
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/244782295?language=en
关键词：
throughput phenotyping nitrogen biomass partitioning

项目摘要

The challenge to phenotyping - one of the bottlenecks in breeding research in improvement of agricultural practices - is to develop high-throughput precision phenotyping techniques. To ensure wheat yield stability and grain quality, the key physiological traits for genetic improvement are to obtain high grain protein content without a decrease in grain yield of wheat. Therefore, our hypothesis is that high-throughput spectral phenotyping of plant traits of biomass and grain yield formation over time during grain filling can assess the relationships between Nrem/Nup and sink/source relations to achieve high N use efficiency and to improve selection efficiency for yield and protein content in wheat breeding. The ultimate objective is to obtain sufficient knowledge to identify the potential traits of Nrem (N remobilization), Nup (N uptake), Nsto (N storage) and sink-source relations which control the processes of grain N deposition during grain filling, thereby providing the key physiological traits for genetic improvement of grain protein concentration without affecting grain yield of wheat using high-throughput and cost-effective phenotyping techniques. The specific objectives are: i) to assess the sensitivity of spectral indices and/or other algorithms for detecting genotypic effects on total grain N deposition, Nrem, Nup, Nsto and sink-source relations during the grain filling at optimal soil N levels and under a range of climatic zones; ii) to evaluate the validity of spectral indices and other algorithms as a potential high-throughput phenotyping technique for total grain N deposition, Nrem, Nup, Nsto and sink-source relations; iii) to compare with image-based approaches; and iv) to link spectral indices/best algorithms with the genetic map of the wheat genome allowing a better understanding of the importance of loci for grain yield and N use efficiency of winter wheat during grain filling. Significance: i) This knowledge will ultimately lead to a more rational and effective approach to high-throughput phenotyping using spectral sensors for a better understanding of grain N deposition mechanisms and to find the suitable measures for the desired traits in order to obtain high yielding potential and high N concentrations of winter wheat within the context of climate changes; ii) The successful implementation of high-throughput precision phenotyping technologies in field-oriented breeding will narrow the gap between our current genotyping and phenotyping capabilities; and iii) Plant traits identified in different climatic zones for high yielding potential and high grain protein concentration will meet the challenges ahead, which requires the scale of quantum advances for the physiological changes being seen in future climate changes.

表型鉴定面临的挑战是开发高通量、高精度的表型鉴定技术--这是改良农业实践中育种研究的瓶颈之一。在不降低小麦产量的前提下，获得较高的籽粒蛋白质含量是小麦遗传改良的关键生理性状，是保证小麦稳产优质的关键。因此，我们的假设是，在小麦灌浆过程中，高通量的生物量性状和籽粒产量形成的高通量光谱表型分析可以评估NREM/NUP和库/源关系，从而在小麦育种中获得高的氮素利用效率和提高产量和蛋白质含量的选择效率。最终目的是获得足够的知识，以确定控制籽粒灌浆过程中籽粒氮素沉积过程的N再动员(NREM)、N吸收(Nup)、N贮藏(Nsto)的潜在性状和库源关系，从而为利用高通量和经济高效的表型技术在不影响小麦产量的情况下遗传改良小麦籽粒蛋白质浓度提供关键的生理性状。具体目标是：1)评估光谱指数和/或其他算法的敏感性，以检测在最佳土壤氮素水平和一定气候带下的灌浆过程中，对籽粒总氮沉积、NREM、NUP、NSTO和库源关系的遗传效应；2)评估光谱指数和其他算法作为潜在的高通量表型技术的有效性；3)与基于图像的方法进行比较；以及iv)将光谱指数/最佳算法与小麦基因组的遗传图谱联系起来，以便更好地了解基因座对冬小麦灌浆期间籽粒产量和氮素利用效率的重要性。意义：i)这一认识最终将导致利用光谱传感器进行高通量表型鉴定的更合理和有效的方法，以便更好地了解籽粒氮沉积机理，并为所需性状找到合适的措施，以便在气候变化的背景下获得高产潜力和高氮浓度的冬小麦；ii)高通量精密表型鉴定技术在田间定向育种中的成功实施将缩小我们目前的基因鉴定和表型鉴定能力之间的差距；以及iii)在不同气候带确定的具有高产潜力和高籽粒蛋白质浓度的植物性状将迎接未来的挑战，这需要在未来气候变化中看到的生理变化的量子进步的规模。