NSFGEO-NERC Collaborative Research: Effects of a Changing Climate on the Habitat Utilization, Foraging Ecology and Distribution of Crabeater Seals
NSFGEO-NERC 合作研究:气候变化对食蟹海豹栖息地利用、觅食生态和分布的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:2042043
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 17.06万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-09-15 至 2024-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Part I: Non-technical description: The crabeater seal is the most important predator of Antarctic krill in the western Antarctic Peninsula oceanic waters after the disappearance of large whales due to human hunting 100 years ago. The crabeater seals are expected to consume large quantities of krill due to their high abundance (about 7 million individuals), large body size (about 700 pounds in body weight), high metabolism and a diet specializing in krill. This species depends on sea ice presence all year long, living, reproducing, and diving to feed from that environment, making this marine mammal species a good indicator, or sentinel, of how the Antarctic ecosystem responds to a changing climate. As sea ice has been decreasing in the northern Antarctic Peninsula, this project aims to understand if the species food availability has changed in the last decades in response to environmental changes. In particular, the proposed work will concentrate on known populations of crabeater seals in northern (i.e., warmer, sub-polar) and southern (i.e., colder, polar) Antarctic Peninsula, 450 miles apart, making measurements on the abundance, physiology, metabolic needs and movement of the crabeater populations in both locations. The data will be combined to build models that will quantify the existing differences between northern and southern populations, as well as predict their future change, and compare present-day measurements with those collected by the British Antarctic Survey in the mid-1900s. The project is a collaboration between an international and interdisciplinary team from the United States and United Kingdom, benefitting NSF goals to facilitate collaborative geoscience research projects involving these two countries as well as aligning directly with U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) to better understand the forces shaping the global environment, both human and natural, and their impacts on society. To further increase polar literacy and education, Principal Investigators will train at least 2 graduate students and several undergraduates across two US institutions, as well as one UK-based post-doctoral researcher.Part II: Technical description: Crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga) are considered an excellent sentinel species through which to examine the effects of a changing climate on the extended Antarctic krill-dependent predator community and the structure of the entire ecosystem of the western Antarctic Peninsula. Over the last forty years, there have been significant changes in the temporal and spatial patterns of primary productivity, and shifts in the population dynamics of Antarctic krill, the dominant mid-trophic level species. The impact of such changes on year-round resident species of crabeater seals (the most important predator of Antarctic krill) is more difficult to understand as they are not associated with breeding colonies where their population fluctuations could be more readily observed. The proposed research is conceived under the premise that environmental change has accentuated the differences between the northern and southern western Antarctic Peninsula crabeater seal populations due to differential reductions in sea-ice and its possible effect on prey availability. To address this question, this research will combine measurements on animal movement, stable isotope analyses, whole-animal physiology, and novel survey technologies (small Unmanned Aircraft Systems, satellite imagery) to build models. The project is a collaboration between an international and interdisciplinary team from the United States and United Kingdom. These studies will be essential to detect past, and project future, changes in the ecology of this species in response to changes in sea ice when comparing present-day measurements with those collected by the British Antarctic Survey in the mid-1900s. To further increase polar literacy and education, Principal Investigators will train at least 2 graduate students and several undergraduates across two US institutions, as well as one UK-based post-doctoral researcher. Students involved with this project will gain invaluable research experience in the lab and will have a unique opportunity to participate in Antarctic fieldwork.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
第一部分:非技术性说明:海狮是100年前大型鲸鱼因人类捕杀而消失后,南极半岛西部海洋沃茨南极磷虾最重要的捕食者。食蟹海豹由于其高丰度(约700万只)、大体型(约700磅体重)、高代谢和专门吃磷虾的饮食,预计将消耗大量磷虾。这一物种全年都依赖于海冰的存在,生活,繁殖和潜水以从该环境中觅食,使这种海洋哺乳动物物种成为南极生态系统如何应对气候变化的良好指标或哨兵。由于南极半岛北方的海冰一直在减少,本项目旨在了解在过去几十年中,该物种的食物供应是否因环境变化而发生变化。特别是,拟议的工作将集中在北方(即,温暖,亚极地)和南部(即,南极半岛,相距450英里,对两个地点的螃蟹种群的丰度、生理、代谢需求和运动进行测量。这些数据将被结合起来建立模型,量化北方和南方种群之间的现有差异,并预测其未来的变化,并将目前的测量结果与英国南极调查局在20世纪中期收集的数据进行比较。 该项目是来自美国和英国的国际和跨学科团队之间的合作,有利于NSF的目标,以促进涉及这两个国家的合作地球科学研究项目,并直接与美国全球变化研究计划(USGCRP)保持一致,以更好地了解塑造全球环境的力量,包括人类和自然,以及它们对社会的影响。为了进一步提高极地素养和教育,主要研究者将在美国的两个机构培训至少2名研究生和几名本科生,以及一名英国的博士后研究员。第二部分:技术描述:食蟹海豹(Lobodon carcinophaga)被认为是一个很好的哨兵物种,通过它来研究气候变化对南极磷虾的影响,依赖性捕食者群落和南极半岛西部整个生态系统的结构。在过去的四十年里,初级生产力的时空格局发生了重大变化,南极磷虾的种群动态也发生了变化。 这种变化对蟹海豹(南极磷虾最重要的捕食者)全年居住物种的影响更难以理解,因为它们与繁殖群体无关,在繁殖群体中,它们的种群波动更容易观察到。拟议中的研究设想的前提下,环境变化加剧了北方和南极半岛南部西部的crabeater海豹种群之间的差异,由于海冰的差异减少及其对猎物的可用性可能产生的影响。为了解决这个问题,这项研究将结合联合收割机对动物运动的测量,稳定同位素分析,整体动物生理学和新的调查技术(小型无人驾驶飞机系统,卫星图像)来建立模型。该项目是来自美国和英国的国际跨学科团队之间的合作。这些研究将是必不可少的,以检测过去,并预测未来,在这个物种的生态变化,以应对海冰的变化时,比较目前的测量与收集的英国南极调查在20世纪中期。为了进一步提高极地素养和教育,首席研究员将在两个美国机构培训至少2名研究生和几名本科生,以及一名英国博士后研究员。参与该项目的学生将在实验室获得宝贵的研究经验,并将有一个独特的机会参与南极实地考察。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Michael Tift其他文献
Michael Tift的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Michael Tift', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Role of endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in hypoxia tolerant species
合作研究:内源一氧化碳 (CO) 在耐缺氧物种中的作用
- 批准号:
1927616 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 17.06万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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