Doctoral Dissertation Research: Feedback between training and practice in conceptualizations of phenotypic variation among medical trainees

博士论文研究：医学实习生表型变异概念化培训与实践之间的反馈

• 批准号: 2044020
• 负责人: Andrea Ballestero
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2044020&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Feedback; between

How humans make sense of the world around them depends on a combination of experience and instruction. Medical education often relies on typologies and thresholds to inform medical practice. What happens when experiences of more graded variation in human phenotypes contradicts typological medical instruction? How do trainees’ experiences in care delivery feedback on instruction centered on typologies? How do emergent technologies shape understandings of phenotypic variation and the effects of such understandings on practice? This project merges theory from medical anthropology, science and technology studies, and the anthropology of education to inform an understanding of how characterization of human variation takes shape in reaction to education and experience. Project findings will be broadly disseminated to academic and non-academic audiences and the project will train a graduate student in anthropology in the methods of empirical, scientific data collection, and analysis.This doctoral dissertation project will leverage 15 months of ethnographic research among medical trainees, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, oral history interviews, and textual analysis of pedagogical materials, to: 1) capture how trainees are taught to understand human variation, 2) investigate how scientific technologies and instruments reflect and affect understanding of human variation in care delivery, and 3) clarify how personal experience interacting with and providing care for varied subjects feeds back on concepts and typologies of human variation. By paying explicit attention to the dynamics of how concepts of variability are shaped and reshaped in reaction to education, experience, and technology, this project will advance a synthetic understanding of how humans mobilize concepts of variation in everyday practice.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人类如何理解周围的世界取决于经验和教育的结合。医学教育往往依赖于类型学和阈值来告知医疗实践。当人类表型的分级变化的经验与类型学医学指导相矛盾时会发生什么？学员在护理服务方面的经验如何以类型学为中心对教学进行反馈？新兴技术如何塑造对表型变异的理解，以及这种理解对实践的影响？这个项目融合了医学人类学、科学技术研究和教育人类学的理论，以了解人类变异的特征是如何在教育和经验的影响下形成的。项目研究结果将广泛传播给学术和非学术受众，该项目将培养一名人类学研究生在经验、科学数据收集和分析方面的方法。本博士论文项目将利用15个月的医学学员民族志研究，包括参与观察、半结构化访谈、口述历史访谈和教学材料的文本分析，以：1)捕捉受训人员如何被教导理解人类变异；2)调查科学技术和仪器如何反映和影响对护理服务中人类变异的理解；3)阐明与不同受试者互动和提供护理的个人经验如何反馈人类变异的概念和类型。通过明确关注可变性概念如何在教育、经验和技术的影响下形成和重塑的动态，该项目将促进对人类如何在日常实践中调动变异概念的综合理解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。