CAREER: Ecoevolutionary dynamics of plant-pollinator interactions in agricultural systems

职业：农业系统中植物-传粉者相互作用的生态进化动力学

• 批准号: 2046474
• 负责人: Margarita Lopez-Uribe
• 金额: $ 138.48万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2046474&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Ecoevolutionary; dynamics; plant; pollinator

Effective plant-pollinator interactions are necessary for the production of nutritious fruits and vegetables, and thus are vital for food security. However, overwhelming evidence suggests that most animal-pollinated crops are pollination limited in the US. The research component of this proposal will provide data on the ways that crop domestication results in changes in plant-pollinator interactions that may be linked to suboptimal pollination. Specifically, this project will combine experimental evolution, electrophysiology, genomics, and analyses of past evolution to understand how human-mediated selection affected traits of flowers, pollinator foraging preferences, and pollinator sensory systems. The education component of this project will (1) enhance research opportunities for undergraduate students of underrepresented minority groups, (2) offer a graduate course that facilitates an understanding and active engagement of students into solutions to problems of equity and inclusion in academia, and (3) create opportunities to engage the public in community science projects that build science literacy. Artificial selection is the main evolutionary force shaping phenotypes and fitness of domesticated species. Despite the range expansion and dominance of domesticated plants and animals across the globe, the mechanisms by which human-mediated selection shapes, via its effects on plant traits, the ecological interactions and reciprocal evolutionary changes of wild species have not been systematically investigated. This project addresses fundamental questions about the direct and indirect role of artificial selection on the eco-evolutionary dynamics of plant-pollinator systems in agricultural niches. Using the plant genus Cucurbita and their specialized pollinators, this project has three specific aims: (1) characterize the role of reciprocal artificial and pollinator-mediated selection on the evolution of floral functional traits through comparative phylogenetics and experimental evolution, (2) determine how shifts in floral signaling of domesticated plants drive changes in pollinator foraging behavior using geographically replicated field choice experiments, and (3) investigate the genetic underpinnings of changes in pollinator sensory systems that result from foraging on domesticated plants by integrating electrophysiology experiments with functional genomics. The education component of this project will provide research opportunities for students from underrepresented minority groups to engage in convergent research themes that can be applied to solutions to real-life problems of pollinators in agricultural systems. This project will also include the participation of the public to expand the geographic sampling and data collection for the above research aims. The integration of the proposed research and education activities will generate the foundation for the understanding of how human-mediated selection influences the evolution of plants, pollinators, and their interactions while developing a framework to engage and retain students and the general public in scientific activities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

有效的植物-传粉媒介相互作用对于生产营养丰富的水果和蔬菜是必要的，因此对粮食安全至关重要。然而，压倒性的证据表明，在美国，大多数动物授粉的作物授粉有限。该提案的研究部分将提供有关作物驯化导致植物与传粉者相互作用变化的方式的数据，这些相互作用可能与次优授粉有关。具体来说，该项目将结合实验进化、电生理学、基因组学和对过去进化的分析，以了解人类介导的选择如何影响花的性状、传粉者的觅食偏好和传粉者的感觉系统。该项目的教育部分将(1)为代表性不足的少数群体的本科生增加研究机会，(2)提供研究生课程，促进学生理解和积极参与学术界公平和包容问题的解决方案，以及(3)创造机会，让公众参与建立科学素养的社区科学项目。人工选择是形成驯化物种表型和适合度的主要进化力量。尽管在全球范围内，驯化动植物的范围不断扩大并占据优势地位，但人类介导的选择通过其对植物性状的影响、生态相互作用和野生物种的相互进化变化而形成的机制尚未得到系统的研究。本项目探讨了人工选择对农业生态位中植物-传粉者系统生态进化动态的直接和间接作用的基本问题。该项目利用葫芦属植物及其专门的传粉媒介，有三个具体目标：(1)通过比较系统发育和实验进化，研究人工和传粉媒介相互选择在花功能性状进化中的作用；(2)通过地理复制的田间选择实验，确定驯化植物花信号的变化如何驱动传粉媒介觅食行为的变化。(3)将电生理学实验与功能基因组学相结合，研究驯化植物采食过程中传粉者感觉系统变化的遗传基础。本项目的教育部分将为来自代表性不足的少数群体的学生提供研究机会，使他们参与可以应用于解决农业系统中传粉媒介的现实问题的集中研究主题。该计划亦会包括市民参与，以扩大地理抽样和数据收集，以达致上述研究目的。拟议的研究和教育活动的整合将为理解人类介导的选择如何影响植物、传粉媒介的进化及其相互作用奠定基础，同时开发一个框架，以吸引和留住学生和公众参与科学活动。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The expansion of agriculture has shaped the recent evolutionary history of a specialized squash pollinator.

农业的扩大塑造了专业南瓜传粉媒介的最近进化史。

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208116120
• 发表时间: 2023-04-11
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Pope, Nathaniel S.;Singh, Avehi;Childers, Anna K.;Kapheim, Karen M.;Evans, Jay D.;Lopez-Uribe, Margarita M.
• 通讯作者: Lopez-Uribe, Margarita M.