CAREER: Planet Formation at High Resolution

该团队将对年轻的行星系统进行高分辨率的光学和光谱调查，试图直接成像并收集热类木质量行星的高分辨率光谱。该团队将使用双子座北望远镜上升级的双子座行星成像仪（GPI 2.0）和凯克II望远镜上的HISPEC高分辨率光谱仪。他们将获得形成气态巨行星的第一个高分辨率光谱，提供其大气结构和丰度的原始视图。该团队还将基于天文馆项目为本科天文学课程开发一种新颖的教育组件。GPI 2.0光学巡天将以金牛座和蛇夫座附近恒星形成区域的年轻恒星为目标。这将是有史以来在该地区进行的最灵敏的直接成像调查。利用GPI第一次迭代中发现的人口统计信息，研究小组希望在形成时期发现多达10颗新的系外行星，限制形成，迁移，吸积历史和行星-磁盘相互作用的时间尺度。Keck II望远镜上的HISPEC光谱仪的后续观测将提供整个近红外波长范围（0.9-2.5 μm）的R~100,000光谱。该团队将研究该仪器的预测科学性能，并提供GPI 2.0的目标，以便在2024年与HISPEC进行首次光观测。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The team will conduct high-resolution optical and spectroscopic surveys of young planetary systems in an attempt to directly image and collect high-resolution spectra of hot Jovian-mass planets. The team will use the upgraded Gemini Planetary Imager (GPI 2.0) on the Gemini North telescope and the HISPEC high-resolution spectrometer on the Keck II telescope. They will obtain the first high-resolution spectra of forming gas giant planets, offering a pristine view of their atmospheric structure and abundances. The team will also develop a novel educational component for undergraduate astronomy courses based on a planetarium-based program.The GPI 2.0 optical survey will target very young stars in nearby star-forming regions in Taurus and Rho Ophiuchus. It will be the most sensitive direct imaging survey ever conducted in this region. Using the demographic information discovered in the first iteration of GPI, the team expects to detect as many as 10 new exoplanets during the epoch of formation, constraining the timescale of formation, migration, accretion histories, and planet-disk interactions. Follow-up observations with the HISPEC spectrometer on the Keck II Telescope will provide R~100,000 spectra across the entire near-infrared wavelength regime (0.9-2.5 μm). The team will investigate predicted science performance for the instrument and provide targets from GPI 2.0 for first-light observations with HISPEC in 2024.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.