CAREER: Subsurface critical zone architecture controls on hydrologic partitioning across spatial scales

职业：地下关键区域架构控制跨空间尺度的水文分区

• 批准号: 2046957
• 负责人: Margaret Zimmer
• 金额: $ 58.74万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2046957&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Subsurface; critical; zone; architecture

The global water cycle is accelerating in the face of climate change, however improving our predictions requires that we refine our understanding of how Earth’s subsurface regulates water movement and storage. Currently, we do not fully understand what controls how precipitation is allocated to soil water and groundwater recharge, streamflow, or plant water use. This research and education program will quantify how key hydrologic processes are controlled by the dynamic interactions between subsurface structure (e.g. depth to bedrock, porosity) and hydrologic forcings (e.g. precipitation amount and intensity). This field and modelling effort will be based in a semi-arid oak woodland in central coastal California and project outcomes will inform current water resource management efforts by regional water managers. This program will remove barriers for undergraduate participation in earth science research and showcase real-world applications through stakeholder-based undergraduate research experiences. Through development of online high school and undergraduate curriculum at the intersection of hydrologic sciences and environmental justice, the project will contribute to the development of a strong and diverse workforce in the earth sciences. This program will reach beyond traditional catchment hydrology boundaries to transform our understanding of how the vertical extent of the subsurface, from shallow soil down to unweathered bedrock, controls ecosystem water availability for plant water use, groundwater recharge, and downstream surface water resources. To meet this goal, this work will empirically test a conceptual model that relates differences in within-hillslope subsurface structure across contrasting aspects (south and north facing slopes) to dominant drivers of key hydrological processes. Specifically, project outcomes will be the identification of how differences in depth to fresh bedrock and gradients in material properties within hillslopes modulate subsurface water storage, and how this in turn regulates streamflow and evapotranspiration. This internal hydrologic regulation will help us better understand what controls plant water use, solute export, and water residence times from the hillslope to watershed scale.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

面对气候变化，全球水循环正在加速，然而，改善我们的预测需要我们完善对地球地下如何调节水运动和储存的理解。目前，我们还不完全了解是什么控制着降水如何分配给土壤水和地下水补给、径流或植物用水。该研究和教育计划将量化地下结构（例如基岩深度，孔隙度）和水文强迫（例如降水量和强度）之间的动态相互作用如何控制关键水文过程。这一领域和建模工作将基于中部沿海加州的半干旱橡树林地，项目成果将为区域水资源管理人员当前的水资源管理工作提供信息。该计划将消除本科生参与地球科学研究的障碍，并通过以学生为基础的本科生研究经验展示现实世界的应用。通过在水文科学和环境正义的交叉点上开发在线高中和本科课程，该项目将有助于在地球科学领域发展一支强大而多样化的劳动力队伍。该计划将超越传统的流域水文边界，以改变我们对地下垂直范围的理解，从浅层土壤到未风化的基岩，控制生态系统水的可用性，用于植物用水，地下水补给和下游地表水资源。为了实现这一目标，这项工作将经验性地测试一个概念模型，该模型将山坡内地下结构的差异与主要水文过程的主要驱动因素（南北向斜坡）联系起来。具体而言，项目成果将是确定新鲜基岩的深度差异和山坡内材料特性的梯度如何调节地下水储存，以及这反过来又如何调节径流和蒸散。这一内部水文调节将帮助我们更好地了解是什么控制了从山坡到流域尺度的工厂用水、溶质输出和水停留时间。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。