Collaborative Research: The Macroeconomy, Labor Markets, and Economic Mobility from the Civil War to Today: New High Frequency Data on Local Economic Shocks

合作研究：从内战至今的宏观经济、劳动力市场和经济流动性：有关当地经济冲击的新高频数据

• 批准号: 2049401
• 负责人: Katherine Eriksson
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2049401&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Macroeconomy; Labor; Markets

AbstractInformation on local economic activity is crucial to research and policy evaluation. It is an outcome of interest in the analysis of economic growth and inequality, regional development, and a range of national and local policies. This information is also an input to key questions about the behavior and welfare of individuals, cohorts, and firms. Despite their paramount importance, systematic historical data on local economic conditions in the US are extremely limited. This limitation creates challenges in examining the evolution of the US economy during a period that includes geographic expansion, demographic and political realignment, and transformation from a rural, agrarian economy into an urban industrial one. Moreover, it poses challenges in understanding more recent developments in the US economy, since many of these have historical roots, or depend on cumulative or historical exposure to shocks. This project will generate a long-run panel on local economic conditions in the US—one that is comprehensive, high-frequency, spatially-disaggregate, and available consistently over the period 1865-present. The project will further illustrate the research potential of this new dataset and provide the first systematic, high-frequency evidence on local economic conditions in the US prior to the 1970s.The panel dataset will comprise deposits of all households and firms in each county-year from 1865-present. For the period before 1960, the project will generate new data from the balance sheets of all nationally-chartered banks in the US, and supplement this with information on deposits held by state-chartered banks and other depository institutions. From 1961 to the present, the project will merge newly-collected data with existing information on deposits by county. The project will further explore deposits as a close and reliable proxy for traditional local economic indicators, such as employment or income, for which high-quality historical data are not readily available. An additional dataset will contain the detailed balance sheets of all US depository institutions underlying the county panel. These new datasets will have applications to all fields of economics, as well as across broader social science and policy evaluation spheres. The data will advance knowledge on the evolution of the US economy, fostering an understanding of critical local dynamics that previous data have obscured. By filling a substantial gap in the nation’s data infrastructure, this project will contribute to both economic knowledge and policy effectiveness.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

摘要地方经济活动信息对研究和政策评估至关重要。它是对经济增长和不平等、区域发展以及一系列国家和地方政策的分析感兴趣的结果。这些信息也是关于个人、群体和企业的行为和福利的关键问题的输入。尽管它们至关重要，但有关美国当地经济状况的系统历史数据极其有限。这一限制为研究美国经济在地理扩张、人口和政治调整以及从农村农业经济向城市工业经济转变期间的演变带来了挑战。此外，它给理解美国经济近期的发展带来了挑战，因为其中许多发展都有历史根源，或者依赖于对冲击的累积或历史敞口。该项目将生成一个关于美国当地经济状况的长期面板——一个全面的、高频的、空间分解的、从1865年到现在一直可用的面板。该项目将进一步说明这个新数据集的研究潜力，并提供关于20世纪70年代之前美国当地经济状况的第一个系统的高频证据。面板数据集将包括从1865年至今每个县所有家庭和公司的存款。对于1960年以前的时期，该项目将从美国所有国家特许银行的资产负债表中产生新的数据，并补充国家特许银行和其他存款机构持有的存款信息。从1961年到现在，该项目将把新收集的数据与现有的县存款信息合并。该项目将进一步探索矿藏作为传统地方经济指标（如就业或收入）的密切和可靠的代表，而这些指标的高质量历史数据并不容易获得。另一个数据集将包含所有美国存款机构的详细资产负债表。这些新的数据集将应用于经济学的所有领域，以及更广泛的社会科学和政策评估领域。这些数据将促进对美国经济演变的认识，促进对以前数据所掩盖的关键本地动态的理解。通过填补国家数据基础设施的巨大空白，该项目将有助于提高经济知识和政策有效性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。