Collaborative Research: Glacial deep Pacific carbon storage and effects on CaCO3 preservation

合作研究：太平洋深部冰川碳储存及其对 CaCO3 保存的影响

• 批准号: 2103000
• 负责人: Allison Jacobel
• 金额: $ 20.68万
• 依托单位: Middlebury College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2103000&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Glacial; deep; Pacific

The oceans are threatened by climate change, and understanding how they will respond to higher CO2 levels has never been more important. Past changes in the ocean’s carbon cycle can provide data to check and improve models that help us predict future changes. These data can also help us ‘balance’ Earth’s carbon budget by showing where and how much carbon was stored in the ocean at times when the Earth has been much colder. Research will be carried out by two early career, female scientists and includes roles for college and graduate students. This work also increases access to information about climate change by creating activities for high school classrooms. This work advances discovery, integrates research and education, increases the participation of underrepresented groups in the geosciences, and fosters the inclusion of the public in fundamental science research. This project is jointly funded by OCE-Marine Geology and Geophysics (OCE-MGG) and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).Despite the importance of understanding whole-ocean carbon system changes in glacial periods, and the volumetric dominance of the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean has been the primary locus of most quantitative carbon cycle reconstructions. This means that longstanding questions about Pacific carbon storage and dissolution feedbacks remain largely unanswered. The Pacific Ocean’s carbon budget in the past will be explored using several geochemical proxies. The B/Ca ratio of benthic foraminifera is a state-of-the-art proxy for examining these questions, as it records the difference between seawater’s carbonate ion concentration and its concentration at saturation Delta[CO32-]. The research plan pairs this new proxy with classical methods of reconstructing carbon cycle changes in the deep ocean including planktonic foraminifera species assemblages and individual weights, calcium carbonate fluxes, carbon isotope analysis of benthic foraminifera, and reconstructions of organic carbon fluxes (Baxs). The multiproxy approach is designed to constrain different carbon cycle feedbacks, and to calibrate less expensive microscope-based techniques in an effort to harness the wealth of existing paleoclimate datasets for quantitative reconstructions and model-data cross validation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋受到气候变化的威胁，了解海洋将如何应对更高的二氧化碳水平从未像现在这样重要。过去海洋碳循环的变化可以为检验和改进模型提供数据，帮助我们预测未来的变化。这些数据还可以帮助我们“平衡”地球的碳预算，通过显示在地球更冷的时候海洋中储存的碳的位置和数量。研究将由两名早期职业女性科学家进行，其中包括大学生和研究生。这项工作还通过为高中教室创造活动，增加了对气候变化信息的获取。这项工作促进了发现，整合了研究和教育，增加了代表性不足的群体对地球科学的参与，并促进了公众对基础科学研究的参与。该项目由oce -海洋地质与地球物理（OCE-MGG）和EPSCoR （EPSCoR）共同资助。尽管了解冰期全海洋碳系统变化的重要性，以及太平洋的体积优势，但大西洋一直是大多数定量碳循环重建的主要场所。这意味着关于太平洋碳储存和溶解反馈的长期问题在很大程度上仍未得到解答。过去太平洋的碳收支将使用几种地球化学代理来探索。底栖有孔虫的B/Ca比值是研究这些问题的最先进的代理，因为它记录了海水中碳酸盐离子浓度与饱和三角洲[CO32-]浓度之间的差异。研究计划将这一新的替代方法与重建深海碳循环变化的经典方法相结合，包括浮游有孔虫物种组合和个体重量、碳酸钙通量、底栖有孔虫碳同位素分析和有机碳通量（Baxs）重建。多代理方法旨在约束不同的碳循环反馈，并校准成本较低的基于显微镜的技术，以利用现有古气候数据集的财富进行定量重建和模型数据交叉验证。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。