Collaborative Research: A Synergistic Study of Aerosol Vertical Distributions and their Effects on Convective Clouds and Precipitation

合作研究：气溶胶垂直分布及其对对流云和降水影响的协同研究

• 批准号: 2103714
• 负责人: John Seinfeld
• 金额: $ 17.44万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2103714&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Synergistic; Study; Aerosol

Atmospheric aerosols, such as fine particles from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, wood and other fuels, can modify cloud formations and precipitation. Thus, they have profound impacts on the Earth’s weather and climate systems. The lack of understanding of complex aerosol properties, aerosol-cloud interactions, and aerosol variations in space and time contributes to large uncertainties in the climate assessment and projection. The project aims to investigate how aerosols vary vertically and how aerosols influence cloud development and properties over a large area. Findings of this project are expected to advance our knowledge on aerosol-cloud interactions and address uncertainties in climate change studies. This research project will provide opportunities to integrate research and education by involving underrepresented minority students to conduct the research and incorporating the outcomes from this research into classes at University of California at Los Angeles and California Institute of Technology.The overarching objective of this research is to characterize the vertical distributions of various types of aerosols and to study their impacts on convective clouds and precipitation through a combination of data analysis based on state-of-the-art satellite data and in situ measurements, as well as aerosol-aware and cloud-resolving WRF modeling. The key scientific questions are (1) what are the specific characteristics and seasonal and regional variations of the vertical distribution of different aerosol types? (2) how do the vertical distributions of various aerosol types affect the micro- and macro-physical properties of convective clouds and the associated precipitation? Three specific tasks will be performed to answer these questions: (1) to examine the specific and unique characteristics of the vertical distributions of various aerosol types in different regions and seasons; (2) to investigate the relationships between vertical distributions of various aerosol types and convective clouds and associated precipitation; (3) to disentangle different aerosol effects (i.e., microphysical effect and radiative effect) as well as meteorological influence, and assess effects of aerosol vertical distributions on convective clouds and precipitation on the seasonal timescale using process-level models. Results from observational analyses will be used to evaluate and constrain model simulations to reduce the uncertainties associated with aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大气气溶胶，如化石燃料、木材和其他燃料未完全燃烧产生的细小颗粒，可以改变云的形成和降水。因此，它们对地球的天气和气候系统产生了深远的影响。对复杂的气溶胶特性、气溶胶-云相互作用以及气溶胶在空间和时间上的变化缺乏了解，导致气候评估和预测中存在很大的不确定性。该项目旨在调查气溶胶在垂直方向上的变化，以及气溶胶如何影响大范围内的云发展和特性。该项目的研究结果有望促进我们对气溶胶-云相互作用的了解，并解决气候变化研究中的不确定性问题。这项研究项目将提供整合研究和教育的机会，让少数族裔学生参与这项研究，并将这项研究的成果纳入加州大学洛杉矶分校和加州理工学院的课堂。这项研究的主要目标是通过结合基于最新卫星数据和现场测量的数据分析以及气溶胶感知和云分辨WRF模拟，描述各种类型气溶胶的垂直分布特征，并研究它们对对流云和降水的影响。关键的科学问题是(1)不同气溶胶类型垂直分布的具体特征、季节和区域变化；(2)不同气溶胶类型的垂直分布如何影响对流云及其相关降水的微观和宏观物理性质？为回答这些问题，将执行三项具体任务：(1)检查不同区域和季节不同气溶胶类型垂直分布的具体和独特特征；(2)调查不同气溶胶类型与对流云和相关降水的垂直分布之间的关系；(3)区分不同的气溶胶效应(即微物理效应和辐射效应)以及气象影响，并利用过程水平模式评估气溶胶垂直分布对对流云和降水在季节时间尺度上的影响。观测分析的结果将被用于评估和约束模型模拟，以减少与气溶胶-云-降水相互作用相关的不确定性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Vertical Dependency of Aerosol Impacts on Local Scale Convective Precipitation

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gl102186
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Yue Sun;Yuan Wang;Chuanfeng Zhao;Yuehua Zhou;Yikun Yang;Xingchuan Yang;H. Fan;Xin Zhao;Jieping Yang

Marked Impacts of Pollution Mitigation on Crop Yields in China

• DOI: 10.1029/2022ef002936
• 发表时间: 2022-11-01
• 期刊: EARTHS FUTURE
• 影响因子: 8.2
• 作者: He, Liyin;Wei, Jing;Yung, Yuk L.
• 通讯作者: Yung, Yuk L.