CNS Core: Small: Towards Internet-scale Permissioned Blockchain Infrastructure for the Mobile Internet

该项目以Saguaro为中心，这是一种分层许可区块链系统，专为具有移动节点的广域网设计。Saguaro探索了基础设施设计和系统模型，这些模型对于实现与现代5G网络兼容的互联网规模分层区块链设计至关重要。Saguaro的目标是提供一套共识协议来处理域内和跨域的事务，这些域内和跨域的节点可能遵循不同的故障模型。Saguaro将具有拓扑意识，并将利用互联网规模的移动网络的分层结构，有效地建立跨域交易的共识。为了建立可容忍延迟的移动共识，该项目将探索新的共识协议，该协议依赖于本地和远程域的边缘服务器之间的通信来共享节点历史的压缩版本。5G的低延迟、超高可靠性和设备间通信，以及区块链的透明性、不变性、溯源性和真实性，反映了在移动互联网上运行新一代实时数据交易应用的巨大潜力。Saguaro将释放专为边缘计算和雾计算环境设计的分层许可区块链的潜力，目标用例包括发展中国家的移动延迟容忍微支付、负责任的边缘应用程序和负责任的云基础设施。结合交易处理和密码学的区块链在线学分硕士课程将大规模提供，旨在增加所有人获得高质量计算机科学教育的机会。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The project centers around Saguaro, a hierarchical permissioned blockchain system designed specifically for wide area networks with mobile nodes. Saguaro explores infrastructural design and systems models that are essential for realizing an Internet-scale hierarchical blockchain design compatible with modern 5G networks and beyond. Saguaro aims to provide a suite of consensus protocols to process transactions within and across domains with nodes that might follow different failure models. Saguaro will be topology-aware and will leverage the hierarchical structure of Internet-scale mobile networks to establish consensus on cross-domain transactions efficiently. To establish delay-tolerant mobile consensus, the project will explore novel consensus protocols that rely on communication between edge servers of local and remote domains to share a compressed version of the node's history. 5G's low latency, ultra-high reliability, and device to device communication, together with blockchains' transparency, immutability, provenance, and authenticity, reflect the immense potential of running a new generation of real-time data transactional applications on the mobile Internet. Saguaro will unlock the potential of a hierarchical permissioned blockchain designed specifically for edge and fog computing environments, targeting use cases ranging from mobile delay-tolerant micropayments in development countries, accountable edge applications and accountable cloud infrastructures. An affordable online for-credit master's course in Blockchain combining transaction processing and cryptography will be delivered at-scale, aimed at increasing accessibility of extremely high quality computer science education to all.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.