QUASAR ABSORPTION OUTFLOWS, THE MAIN AGENT OF AGN FEEDBACK

类星体（宇宙中能量最高的物体）在星系形成中的作用是理解宇宙如何演化的关键问题。PI的计划将测量这些类星体发出的强大流出物对其宿主星系形成和演化的影响。该项目将涉及跨学科的研究机会，这将对本科教育做出重大贡献。在过去的10年里，该组织雇佣了21名学生，为期一个学期或更长时间，其中一半是女性和代表性不足的少数民族。类星体外流被称为类星体模式活动星系核（AGN）反馈的代理。这种流出物有很多种形式：分子的、原子的、发射中的电离、吸收中的电离以及x射线光谱中的电离。在紫外吸收光谱中，能量最大的流出是电离流出。吸收外流是产生AGN反馈效应的主要候选。该团队的研究项目将扩展他们之前取得的进展，并将增加对吸收流出物的物理和起源及其在星系演化中的作用的理解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The role of quasars (the most energetic objects in the universe) in the formation of galaxies is a key issue in understanding how our universe evolves. The PI's program will measure the influence of powerful outflows, emanating from these quasars, on the formation and evolution of their host galaxy. This project will involve interdisciplinary research opportunities that will significantly contribute to undergraduate education. Over the last 10 years, this group has employed 21 students for a semester or longer, half of them women and under-represented minorities. Quasar outflows are invoked as the agents for quasar-mode Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) feedback. Such outflows come in many flavors: molecular, atomic, ionized seen in emission, ionized seen in absorption, and ionized seen in X-ray spectra. The most energetic outflows are ionized outflows seen in UV absorption spectra. Absorption outflows are the main candidates for producing AGN feedback effects. The team’s research project will expand on the progress they have made previously and will add to the understanding of the physics and origin of absorption outflows and their role in galaxy evolution.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.