Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Community Role In Emergence Of Complex Societies

博士论文改进奖：复杂社会出现中的社区作用

• 批准号: 2106519
• 负责人: Marcello Canuto
• 金额: $ 2.46万
• 依托单位: Tulane University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2106519&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Community

This research addresses the role of large-scale public architecture in the emergence of early communities and the formation of complex societies. Monumental construction remains one of the most widely recognized markers of settled agricultural communities and relationships of inequality which structure labor organization. Thus, it is often viewed as an outcome of social complexity. However, several noteworthy early instances of monumental constructions throughout the world indicate impressive projects could be accomplished through cooperative relationships among largely mobile and minimally stratified populations. These findings require an adjusted framework for interpretation of the social relationships between individuals engaging in the construction and use of public spaces and the role of constructed space in promoting new social relationships. Does the act of creating and interacting in a constructed space bind people together in new ways? Do such constructions promote integration across broader regions, as well as local communities? This dissertation project will investigate the role of public architecture in local community formation and regional integration at an archaeological site. In an effort to increase analysis capacity and offer laboratory experience to aspiring researchers, local students will participate in the research.The proposed project investigates how the development of the public architecture relates to markers of increased community integration by focusing on evidence for labor investment, activity, ritual deposits, and regional interaction. A key architectural complex at the site dates to very early in its history. Its foundation appears to predate household construction at the site and indicates the complex was integral to the formation of a local settlement. Changes in the architectural materials and arrangement of the complex correlate with important temporal and political regional changes providing a fitting archaeological context to examine the long-term relationship between public architecture and integration and the local and regional scales. In this project, shifts in labor investment and activity within a public plaza-structure complex will be examined as markers of local community development while increased similarity in ritual deposits and ceramic styles between those found within the site and those reported from others in the region will be examined as markers of regional integration. Indicators of change will be anchored in time through the use of statistical modeling in building and improving the site chronology. Activity residues, derived from geochemical testing of samples, collected from buried floors across the site, add an important dataset to the study of early monuments and elucidate additional aspects of their uses and meanings to local populations. Integrating this dataset within systematic examination of traditional archaeological measurers derived from architectural excavations and analysis of recovered artifacts expands understanding of early construction and stands to further understanding of the diverse drives contributing to social complexity.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

本研究探讨了大型公共建筑在早期社区的出现和复杂社会的形成中的作用。纪念性建筑仍然是最广泛认可的定居农业社区和劳动组织结构的不平等关系的标志之一。因此，它通常被视为社会复杂性的结果。然而，世界各地几个值得注意的纪念性建筑的早期实例表明，通过在大部分移动的和最低层次的人口之间的合作关系，可以完成令人印象深刻的项目。这些研究结果需要一个调整后的框架来解释参与公共空间建设和使用的个人之间的社会关系，以及建筑空间在促进新的社会关系中的作用。在构建的空间中创造和互动的行为是否以新的方式将人们联系在一起？这些建筑是否促进了更广泛地区以及当地社区的融合？本论文项目将探讨公共建筑在考古遗址的地方社区形成和区域整合中的作用。为了提高分析能力，并为有抱负的研究人员提供实验室经验，当地学生将参与研究。拟议的项目调查公共建筑的发展如何与增加社区整合的标志，通过关注劳动力投资，活动，仪式存款和区域互动的证据。该遗址的一个重要建筑群可以追溯到其历史的早期。它的基础似乎早于现场的家庭建筑，并表明该建筑群是当地定居点形成的组成部分。建筑材料的变化和复杂的安排与重要的时间和政治区域变化相关，提供了一个合适的考古背景，以研究公共建筑和一体化与当地和区域规模之间的长期关系。在这个项目中，劳动力投资和公共广场结构复杂的活动的变化将被视为当地社区发展的标志，而在仪式存款和陶瓷风格之间的相似性增加的网站内发现的和那些从该地区的其他报告将被视为区域一体化的标志。变化指标将通过使用统计模型建立和改进网站年表来及时确定。从整个遗址的掩埋层收集的样品的地球化学测试得出的放射性残留物为早期纪念碑的研究增加了一个重要的数据集，并阐明了其用途和对当地居民的意义的其他方面。将该数据集与传统考古测量方法的系统性检验相结合，这些测量方法来自于建筑发掘和对回收文物的分析，从而扩展了对早期建筑的理解，并有助于进一步理解导致社会复杂性的各种驱动力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。