Advancing Spicule Physics with High Resolution Data: DKIST First Science

这是Daniel K. Inouye太阳望远镜（DKIST）的第一个科学项目，重点是了解质量和能量是如何在太阳大气层层之间移动的。该项目将结合地面和空间数据，以实现对太阳小尺度特征的前所未有的了解。由于与空间天气的联系，该项目具有更广泛的社会意义，而空间天气是由太阳活动驱动的，可能对现代社会产生灾难性影响。正如国家科学技术委员会《2019年空间天气战略与行动计划》所述，提高空间天气预测模型的准确性是国家优先事项。这个项目也有可能增强我们对其他恒星和空间天气对潜在宜居系外行星的影响的理解。该项目将支持一名博士后研究助理，进一步建立具有地基和天基仪器和数据知识的科学家社区。这个项目旨在了解快速蓝移的起源，它是在紫外线下观察到的II型针状体。针状体将质量和能量从太阳大气的光辐射层，即光球层，通过色球层转移到日冕。这些结构是如何以及为什么在太阳的平静时期形成的还不清楚。这项研究将结合来自美国国家科学基金会DKIST的新观测数据，以及来自古德太阳望远镜和美国宇航局日光层任务的数据来解决这个问题。DKIST以其前所未有的分辨率，独特地能够测量这些小而短的结构。结合DKIST的可见光宽带成像仪、可见光分光偏振仪和可见光可调滤光片的测量结果，以及其他仪器的视点，将为针状体在平静太阳的全球动力学中所扮演的角色提供新的见解。本项目为韩国科学技术研究院关键科学计划研究领域“通过非喷发太阳大气的磁连通性”，特别是“太阳低层大气的质量和能量循环”。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) First Science project focuses on understanding how mass and energy are moved between layers of the Sun’s atmosphere. The project will combine ground and space-based data to achieve an unprecedented understanding of small-scale features on the Sun. This project has broader societal relevance due to its linkage with space weather, which is driven by solar activity and potentially has catastrophic impacts on modern society. Improving the accuracy of predictive models for space weather is a national priority as delineated in the National Science and Technology Council’s 2019 Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan. This project also has the potential to enhance our understanding of other stars and of space weather impacts on potentially habitable exoplanets. This project will support a postdoctoral research associate, further building the community of scientists with knowledge of both ground-based and space-based instruments and data.This project aims to understand the origins of Rapid Blue-shifted Excursions, which are observed in ultraviolet light as type II spicules. Spicules move mass and energy from the light radiating layer of the Sun’s atmosphere, the photosphere, through the chromosphere to the corona. How and why the structures form during quiet periods on the Sun is not understood. This study will combine new observations from NSF’s DKIST along with data from the Goode Solar Telescope and from NASA Heliospheric missions to address this. DKIST, with its unprecedented resolution, is uniquely able to measure these structures which are small and short lived. Combining DKIST measurements from the Visible Broadband Imager, the Visible SpectroPolarimeter, and Visible Tunable Filter with viewpoints from other instruments will provide new insights into the role the spicules play in the global dynamics of the quiet Sun. This project addresses the DKIST Critical Science Plan Research Area “Magnetic Connectivity through the Non-Eruptive Solar Atmosphere”, specifically “Mass and Energy Cycle in the Low Solar Atmosphere”.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.