NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2021: : Investigating how neopolyploidy affects the core microbiome and how the extended phenotype can facilitate ecological establishment

NSF 生物学博士后奖学金 2021 财年：：研究新多倍体如何影响核心微生物组以及扩展表型如何促进生态建立

• 批准号: 2109452
• 负责人: Thomas Anneberg
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Anneberg, Thomas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2109452&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2021, Integrative Research Investigating the Rules of Life Governing Interactions Between Genomes, Environment and Phenotypes. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will contribute to the area of Rules of Life in innovative ways. Polyploidy, or whole-genome duplication, has frequently acted as a mechanism of generating new species. However, first-generation polyploids, or neopolyploids, are expected to suffer from a high risk of local extinction shortly after they arise due to competition with their diploid parents for limited space and resources. Despite the expectation that neopolyploids should go locally extinct shortly after they arise, we see a disproportionately high number of established polyploids in nature. This research will address this apparent gap in knowledge by investigating what factors can drive the establishment of neopolyploid populations. The project will specifically characterize how environmental resource supply and microbial interactions affect the ability of neopolyploids to persist in the presence of their diploid parents and become established.The goal of this research is to understand the ecological drivers of neopolyploid establishment by testing two hypotheses: that neopolyploid establishment is 1) dependent on the external environment, and 2) is facilitated by the extended phenotype: neopolyploid genotypes and their microbiomes. The approach to testing these hypotheses is to first characterize how neopolyploidy affects the microbiome community and shapes host phenotypes. Second, to predict the outcome of competition between diploids and their neopolyploid descendants and whether it differs given the extended phenotype, multigenerational competition experiments will be combined with modern coexistence theory. The expected outcomes of this research are to understand 1) how neotetraploidy affects the microbiome composition and diversity and 2) how the microbiome affects the competitive ability of neotetraploids against their diploid ancestors, and 3) whether these patterns vary with the genotype of a lineage or across environmental resource gradients. The fellow will use diploid and synthetic neotetraploid duckweeds, which is a uniquely well-suited system for this research since they have rapid generation times and are compact enough to allow high replication across various environmental conditions. Additionally, this research will incorporate the mentorship of high school and undergraduate students from under-represented groups to carry out independent research projects, as well as facilitating outreach activities with local intercity classrooms on ecological principles."This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该行动资助了2021财年的NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金，即调查基因组，环境和表型之间相互作用的生命规则的综合研究。该研究金支持研究员的研究和培训，以创新的方式为生活规则领域做出贡献。多倍体，或全基因组复制，经常作为产生新物种的机制。然而，第一代多倍体，或新多倍体，预计将遭受高风险的地方灭绝后不久，他们出现，由于竞争与他们的二倍体父母有限的空间和资源。尽管人们期望新多倍体在出现后不久就会在当地灭绝，但我们在自然界中看到了不成比例的大量多倍体。这项研究将通过调查哪些因素可以驱动新多倍体种群的建立来解决这一明显的知识差距。该项目将具体描述环境资源供应和微生物相互作用如何影响新多倍体在其二倍体亲本存在下持续存在并建立的能力。本研究的目标是通过测试两个假设来了解新多倍体建立的生态驱动因素：1）新多倍体建立依赖于外部环境，2）由扩展表型促进：新多倍体基因型及其微生物组。测试这些假设的方法是首先表征新多倍性如何影响微生物群落并塑造宿主表型。第二，为了预测二倍体及其新多倍体后代之间的竞争结果以及在扩展表型下是否存在差异，将多代竞争实验与现代共存理论相结合。这项研究的预期结果是了解1）新四倍体如何影响微生物组的组成和多样性，2）微生物组如何影响新四倍体对其二倍体祖先的竞争能力，以及3）这些模式是否随谱系的基因型或环境资源梯度而变化。该研究员将使用二倍体和合成的新四倍体浮萍，这是一个非常适合这项研究的系统，因为它们具有快速的世代时间，并且足够紧凑，可以在各种环境条件下进行高复制。此外，这项研究将包括指导来自代表性不足群体的高中和本科生开展独立的研究项目，以及促进与当地城市间教室的生态原则外展活动。“这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。