Theoretical AMO Studies of Non-Equilibrium and Emergent Many-Body Quantum Physics

未来的技术，如量子计算或先进的电子学，是基于获得控制和理解的量子力学系统与大量的相互作用的自由度。 涉及激光器、光学腔和冷原子的高精度实验已经成为证明这种控制并揭示可利用的原理的理想环境。 该项目涉及使用理论物理的工具来模拟这些实验，寻求组织原则，探索新的现象，并使未来的进展。这项研究的学术价值在于对自然世界有更深入的理解和更好的控制，这可能会对量子技术产生更广泛的影响。科学项目解决了长期存在的挑战，如过渡金属氧化物中的奇异“奇怪金属”行为以及耗散工程的新发展。这个项目将在超冷原子和里德伯极化激元中模拟非平衡和涌现的多体物理。该研究围绕三个相互关联的主题进行组织：强相关多体系统中的传输，开放和失衡量子系统的控制以及一维量子系统的建模。第一个方向涉及超冷原子模拟“高温超导体”中电子行为的建模实验。 通过这种建模，希望高温超导性背后的机制可能会受到限制，为室温超导性提供进展。 第二个方向涉及使用量子信息社区开发的思想来控制量子多体系统。它的动机是围绕原子，分子和光学系统中的平衡正在进行的实验挑战。第三个方向涉及产生新的数值算法，探索连续一维系统的行为。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Future technology, such as quantum computation or advanced electronics, is predicated on gaining control and understanding of quantum mechanical systems with large numbers of interacting degrees of freedom. High precision experiments involving lasers, optical cavities and cold atoms have become the ideal setting to demonstrate this control and uncover the principles which can be exploited. This project involves using the tools of theoretical physics to model these experiments, seek organizing principles, explore novel phenomena, and enable future progress. The intellectual merit of this research lies in developing a deeper understanding and better control of the natural world, which may have associated broader impacts in quantum technology. The scientific projects address both long-standing challenges such as exotic "strange metal" behavior in transition metal oxides as well as novel developments in dissipation engineering. This project will model non-equilibrium and emergent many body physics in ultracold atoms and Rydberg polaritons. The research is organized around three interconnected themes: transport in strongly correlated many-body systems, control of open and out-of-equilibrium quantum systems, and modeling 1D quantum systems. The first direction involves modeling experiments in which ultracold atoms emulate the behavior of electrons in “high temperature superconductors.” Through this modeling, it is hoped the mechanism behind high temperature superconductivity may be constrained, providing progress towards room temperature superconductivity. The second direction involves using ideas developed in the quantum information community to control quantum many-body systems. It is motivated by ongoing experimental challenges around equilibration in atomic, molecular, and optical systems. The third direction involves producing new numerical algorithms for exploring the behavior of continuum one-dimensional systems. This will be key to answering fundamental questions about equilibration, and modeling experiments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.