SPP 1772: Human performance under multiple cognitive task requirements: From basic mechanisms to optimized task scheduling

本项目旨在整合不同领域的研究成果，探讨人类在多重认知任务要求（即多任务）下的表现，从而提供一个新的综合理论框架来解释人类行为的这一基本方面。因此，认知心理学和运动科学的贡献构成了核心学科。当然，其他学科，如认知神经科学，可以帮助提高我们对多任务处理的认知和性能方面的理解，可能会为工作计划做出重要贡献。这种综合努力使优先计划能够提供一个综合框架，将人类多任务处理中的结构、灵活性和可塑性问题结合在一起。具体而言，该方案旨在生成一个科学矩阵，其中包括集中在以下三个广泛领域的一系列研究课题。- 首先，它将提供一个新的，综合的理论框架，调和结构的角度不变的处理瓶颈与更灵活的认知控制的角度。- 其次，它将重新审视灵活的处理资源隐喻，指的是结构的角度来看，具体的模态能力和灵活性的角度来看，任务要求，动机和情绪调节。- 第三，它将评估人类认知和运动行为的可塑性方面的行动优化在多任务的情况下，通过集中在训练时间表和由此产生的学习过程。总之，本计划旨在解决一个新的研究视角，通过整合现有的知识对人类行为的一个基本方面（即“多任务”）在不同的理论观点和科学学科。这种基础研究也有助于在更多的应用环境中的研究，这需要高性能的多任务处理。

This Project aims to bring together different lines of research on human performance under such multiple cognitive task requirements (i.e. multitasking) in order to provide a new integrative theoretical framework to account for this fundamental aspect of human behaviour.Therefore, contributions of cognitive psychology and movement science constitute the core disciplines. Of course, other disciplines, such as cognitive neuroscience, that can help to improve our understanding of cognitive and performance aspects of multitasking may provide important contributions to the work programme. This combined effort allows the Priority Programme to provide an integrated framework that brings together the issues of structure, flexibility, and plasticity in human multitasking. Specifically, this programme aims at generating a scientific matrix that consists of an array of research topics clustered in the following three broad areas. - First, it will provide a new, integrative theoretical framework that reconciles the structural perspective of immutable processing bottlenecks with the more flexible cognitive-control perspective. - Second, it will re-examine a flexible processing resources metaphor by referring both to the structural perspective in terms of modality-specific capacities and the flexibility perspective in terms of task requirements, motivational, and emotional modulation. - Third, it will assess the plasticity of human cognition and motor behaviour with respect to action optimisation in multiple task situations by focussing on training schedules and the resulting learning processes.In sum, the present programme is aimed at addressing a new research perspective by integrating existing knowledge on a fundamental aspect of human behaviour (i.e. "Multitasking") across different theoretical perspectives and scientific disciplines. This basic research can also contribute to research in more applied contexts, which require high performance in multitasking.