AccelNet-Implementation: PEER2PEER International Convergence Research Networks in Transboundary Water Security

跨界河流流域约占美国陆地面积的72%，占地球陆地面积的47%以上，为150个国家的30亿人提供了家园。跨界河流流域是两个或两个以上国家共有的，往往是水冲突和合作的热点。PEER2PEER是一个实施跟踪项目，将通过促进新的国际和跨学科合作，推进跨界水安全研究、教育和推广。这个网络的网络汇集了由美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院以及美国、中东、北非和中亚的伙伴组织管理的网络。PEER2PEER利用成熟的区域网络，重点关注跨界水资源管理的不同方面，包括加强研究伙伴关系（PEER）计划、阿拉伯裔美国人科学、工程和医学前沿计划以及国际合作网络。PEER2PEER的参与者将协同研究倡议，共享数据和工具，并促进跨境水安全奖学金和能力建设方面的合作。该项目将创建一个创新的生态系统，专门为将工程、物理科学和社会科学研究转化为地方、州和国家政府机构的计划和政策而设计。PEER2PEER将为下一代水科学家制定严格的培训计划，以应对全球范围内的跨学科挑战。PEER2PEER将共同解决跨境水安全研究和教育方面的重大差距。一个空白是缺乏关于干旱趋势和变化的科学证据，以及不同跨界河流流域对区域水安全的相应不同影响。人们对以下问题的理解也很有限：(a)极端干旱事件的影响通过远程连接的粮食贸易网络跨国传播对水安全的影响；(b)社会文化背景、经济发展水平、环境问题以及技术和政治合作影响科学外交以支持跨境水安全。该项目将解决缺乏知识交流和数据/工具共享工具的问题，以利用多种数据流，包括遥感观测和跨界干旱监测的地面数据，以及培养未来跨界水安全跨学科、整体、融合方法研究人员的能力和教育材料有限。PEER2PEER将以研讨会、技术培训、师生交流、实地考察、推广和传播为特色。它将为网络成员开发一个在线平台，以促进持续的参与和研究合作。研究数据将通过与美国国家科学基金会资助的水文科学进步大学联盟的合作伙伴关系与网络成员共享。通过国际网络对网络合作加速研究（AccelNet）计划旨在加速科学发现的进程，并为下一代美国研究人员进行多团队国际合作做好准备。AccelNet项目支持美国研究网络与国外互补网络之间的战略联系，将利用研究和教育资源来应对需要重大国际协调努力的重大科学挑战。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Transboundary river basins cover about 72% of the U.S. landmass and more than 47% of the Earth’s land area, providing homes to 3 billion people in 150 countries. Shared by two or more countries, transboundary river basins are often hotspots for both water conflicts and efforts at cooperation. PEER2PEER, an implementation-track project, will advance transboundary water security research, education, and outreach by catalyzing novel international and interdisciplinary cooperation. This network of networks brings together networks managed by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and partner organizations in the United States, Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia. PEER2PEER leverages mature regional networks focusing on different aspects of transboundary water management, including the Partnership for Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) program, the Arab-American Frontiers of Science, Engineering and Medicine Program, and partnering international networks. PEER2PEER participants will synergize research initiatives, share data and tools, and foster collaboration in transboundary water security scholarship and capacity building. The project will create an innovative ecosystem designed specifically for translating engineering, physical science, and social science research into plans and policies for local, state, and national government agencies. PEER2PEER will develop rigorous training programs of the next generation of water scientists for addressing interdisciplinary challenges worldwide.PEER2PEER will collectively address critical gaps in transboundary water security research and education. One gap is the lack of scientific evidence on drought trends and variability, along with the corresponding disparate impacts on regional water security in different transboundary river basins. There is also limited understanding of how: (a) water security is affected by transnational propagation of the impact of extreme drought events through tele-connected food trade networks; and (b) socio-cultural context, levels of economic development, environmental concerns, and technical and political collaboration affect science diplomacy to support transboundary water security. This project will address the lack of knowledge exchange and data/tool sharing vehicle to leverage multiple data streams, including remotely sensed observations and ground-based data for transboundary drought monitoring, and the limited capacity and educational materials to prepare future researchers in interdisciplinary, holistic, convergent approaches in transboundary water security. PEER2PEER will feature workshops, technical trainings, faculty and student exchanges, field visits, outreach and dissemination. It will develop an online platform for network members to facilitate sustained engagement and research collaboration. Research data will be shared with network members through a partnership with the NSF-funded Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. The Accelerating Research through International Network-to-Network Collaborations (AccelNet) program is designed to accelerate the process of scientific discovery and prepare the next generation of U.S. researchers for multiteam international collaborations. The AccelNet program supports strategic linkages among U.S. research networks and complementary networks abroad that will leverage research and educational resources to tackle grand scientific challenges that require significant coordinated international efforts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.