Collaborative Research: BoCP-Implementation: Testing Evolutionary Models of Biotic Survival and Recovery from the Permo-Triassic Mass Extinction and Climate Crisis

合作研究：BoCP-实施：测试二叠纪-三叠纪大规模灭绝和气候危机中生物生存和恢复的进化模型

• 批准号: 2325380
• 负责人: Pia Viglietti
• 金额: $ 87.12万
• 依托单位: Field Museum of Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2325380&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; BoCP; Implementation; Testing

The Permo-Triassic mass extinction (PTME, ca. 251.9 million years ago) was the most catastrophic of the “Big Five” mass extinctions in Earth’s history. Massive volcanic events likely triggered a runaway greenhouse, resulting in the loss of about 85-90% of species globally. Studies over the last 20 years agree that modern species loss rivals the PTME, making it a significant and underutilized “deep time” study system that connects environmental change to functional biodiversity. While past studies have focused on the external causes of the extinction, this research will investigate ecosystem recovery from the PTME in South Africa’s Karoo Basin. Awareness of which species and ecosystems were more vulnerable or resilient to climate warming in the past is essential to guide conservation management by predicting long-term biotic responses to future environmental change.This research will comprise a multidisciplinary geochronologic and paleontological study of South Africa’s main Karoo Basin. We will assemble a stratigraphic database of fossil vertebrate occurrences and investigate the timing of vertebrate extinction and recovery relative to the geologic timescale, and we will test whether pulsed shifts in ecological diversity correlate to distinct climate events (e.g., the Early Triassic hyperthermal). To achieve these goals, we will 1) Synthesize geochronologic age controls and identify the precise position of the Permo-Triassic boundary in the Karoo Basin; 2) Identify shifts in ecomorphological and body size disparity within a novel high resolution stratigraphic framework; 3) Elucidate the influence of higher-level factors such as community structure on vertebrate diversity during the Early Triassic climate crisis; 4) Emphasize public outreach through educational theater in local South African languages (Puppet Planet), capacity-building, permanent archiving of physical specimens and digital data for future study (Virtual Field Trips, museum exhibit upgrades), and strengthening international collaborations between the USA and South Africa. Our collaborative research and outreach initiatives will raise awareness of the impacts of extreme environmental instability on vertebrate functional diversity and size evolution over time, with great value not only for understanding the PTME, but also conservation efforts in our modern biodiversity crisis.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

近三叠纪的质量扩展（PTME，加利福尼亚州25190万年前）是地球历史上“五巨头”质量扩展中最灾难性的。大规模的火山事件可能引发了一个失控的温室，导致全球物种损失约85-90％。在过去的20年中，研究同意，现代物种损失有风险PTME，使其成为将环境变化与功能性生物多样性联系起来的重要且未充分利用的“深度”研究系统。尽管过去的研究集中在扩展的外部原因上，但该研究将研究南非卡鲁盆地PTME的生态系统恢复。通过预测对未来环境变化的长期生物反应，对哪些物种和生态系统更容易受到气候变暖的影响或抵抗气候变暖至关重要。这项研究将完成南非主要Karoo basin的多学科基因学和古生物学研究。我们将组装一个化石脊椎动物的地层数据库，并研究脊椎动物扩展和恢复相对于地质时间尺度的时间，我们将测试生态多样性的脉冲变化是否与不同的气候事件相关（例如，早期三叠纪超热，）。为了实现这些目标，我们将1）综合地球学年龄控制，并确定卡鲁盆地中渗透性边界的精确位置； 2）确定新型高分辨率地层框架内生态形态和体型差异的转变； 3）阐明高级因素（例如社区结构）对早期三叠纪气候危机期间脊椎动物多样性的影响； 4）强调通过当地南非语言（木偶星球）的教育剧院，能力建设，实体标本的永久归档和数字数据（虚拟实地考察，博物馆展览升级）以及加强美国与美国之间的国际合作。我们的协作研究和宣传计划将提高人们对脊椎动物功能多样性和大小随时间的影响的影响，随着时间的流逝，不仅要理解PTME，而且还具有巨大的价值，而且在我们的现代生物多样性危机中的保护工作也是如此。该奖项在NSF的法定任务中反映了诚实地通过评估师生的宗教信仰来进行诚实的影响力，而构成了构成的依据。