Structural and Individual Predictors of Variation in Cesarean Incisions

剖腹产切口变异的结构和个体预测因素

• 批准号: 2116779
• 负责人: Vania Smith-Oka
• 金额: $ 16.43万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2116779&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Structural; Individual; Predictors; Variation; Cesarean

The rise in cesarean rates has prompted significant research to understand the factors driving this increase as well as associated outcomes for mothers and neonates. Less attention has been paid to incision techniques, which are variable and likely correlated with structural factors such as hospital size, as well as individual factors and circumstances surrounding birth. This research uses medical and cognitive anthropological theories and methods to test the relative importance of structural versus individual factors in performing cesarean incision techniques, answering fundamental questions about the nature of decision-making in constrained medical settings and beyond. The project trains an anthropology graduate student as well as undergraduate students from underrepresented groups in data collection and analysis and involves collaborations with care providers. Results from this research will be disseminated widely to academic and non-academic audiences and to diverse stakeholders. The researchers conduct ethnographic research in diverse hospital settings to gain a broad understanding of how, why, and when different cesarean incisions are used. Two interrelated hypotheses guide this research: (1) doctors working in hospitals in resource-poor settings will perform more vertical incisions, and (2) patients’ physical characteristics and social backgrounds will be associated with incision type. The project uses analysis of hospital data, as well as interviews, observation, and cognitive anthropology methods and analysis to test these hypotheses. In doing so, it operationalizes the dynamic nature of decision-making and has the potential to transform academic knowledge of obstetric care and reproductive decision-making.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

剖宫产率的上升促使人们进行了大量研究，以了解导致这种增长的因素以及母亲和新生儿的相关结果。较少关注切口技术，这是可变的，可能与结构因素，如医院规模，以及个人因素和周围的情况下出生。本研究使用医学和认知人类学的理论和方法来测试结构与个体因素在执行剖宫产切口技术中的相对重要性，回答有关受限医疗环境及其他环境中决策性质的基本问题。该项目培训一名人类学研究生以及来自代表性不足群体的本科生进行数据收集和分析，并与护理提供者合作。这项研究的结果将广泛传播给学术和非学术受众以及各种利益攸关方。研究人员在不同的医院环境中进行人种学研究，以广泛了解如何，为什么以及何时使用不同的剖宫产切口。两个相互关联的假设指导了这项研究：（1）在资源贫乏的医院工作的医生将执行更多的垂直切口，（2）患者的身体特征和社会背景将与切口类型相关。该项目使用医院数据分析，以及访谈，观察和认知人类学的方法和分析来测试这些假设。通过这样做，它使决策的动态性质可操作化，并有可能改变产科护理和生殖决策的学术知识，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。