Collaborative Research: Cloud Radiative Impact on the Surface Energy Budget of the Antarctic Peninsula

合作研究：云辐射对南极半岛表面能量收支的影响

• 批准号: 2127632
• 负责人: Penny Rowe
• 金额: $ 21.12万
• 依托单位: NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2127632&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Cloud; Radiative; Impact

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP; AP) has been warming faster than the global average since the mid-1960s. Concurrent mobilization of ice shelves has been associated with glacial discharge into the ocean, with important implications for global sea level rise. This work will enhance our understanding of the contributions of clouds, water vapor and surface radiation to warming over the WAP. Processes governing phase partitioning and amounts of supercooled liquid water are crucial for understanding surface melt, and will be explored. In addition, the role of clouds and moisture during foehn and atmospheric river (AR) events, will be characterized. Clouds and atmospheric water vapor have strong radiative signals that vary seasonally and with cloud properties. This work will lead to a better understanding of how clouds are impacting surface melt on the AP in the changing climate. In addition, the proposed work will include several undergraduate research projects. Finally, broader impacts include public outreach through participation in GeoWeek at Ohio State University and Polar Science Weekend at the Pacific Science Center in Seattle, WA. It is crucial to human welfare to understand mechanisms responsible for the rapid pace of Antarctic ice loss. This work will lead to a better understanding of how clouds are impacting surface melt on the WAP in the changing climate. The project will use surface- and satellite-based measurements to characterize clouds and humidity. The project maximizes value by using a variety of previous, ongoing, and planned measurements made by an international group of collaborators, along with measurements and model (AMPS, Polar-WRF) results. These will be used to quantify clouds, water vapor, and radiation and their effects on the surface energy balance at three strategically-located stations: Rothera (upwind of the WAP), Marambio (downwind of the WAP) and Escudero (north of the WAP), in order to provide a detailed characterization of cloud radiative and precipitation-formation properties and their role in surface warming and melt events. These mechanisms lead to the following hypotheses: 1) Through their effect on the surface energy balance, clouds play an important role in surface warming on the AP; this role is seasonally varying and sensitive to cloud thermodynamic phase, 2) Radiative heating during foehn events is an important contributor to warming at the northern AP, and 3) The radiative effects of clouds and water vapor have strong influences on heating before and during AR events, with significant differences on the two sides of the WAP.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分由2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。自20世纪60年代中期以来，南极西部半岛（WAP; AP）变暖速度超过全球平均水平。冰架的同时移动与冰川排入海洋有关，对全球海平面上升有重要影响。这项工作将加强我们对云、水汽和地面辐射对WAP变暖的贡献的理解。过程管理相分配和过冷液态水的数量是至关重要的理解表面熔化，将进行探讨。此外，焚风和大气河流（AR）事件期间的云和水分的作用，将特点。云和大气中的水蒸气有很强的辐射信号，这些信号随季节和云的特性而变化。这项工作将有助于更好地了解云如何在气候变化中影响AP上的表面融化。此外，拟议的工作将包括几个本科研究项目。最后，更广泛的影响包括通过参与俄亥俄州州立大学的地球周和华盛顿州西雅图太平洋科学中心的极地科学周末来进行公众宣传。 了解导致南极冰快速融化的机制对人类福祉至关重要。这项工作将导致更好地了解云是如何影响WAP在气候变化的表面融化。该项目将利用地面和卫星测量来确定云和湿度的特征。该项目通过使用国际合作者小组之前、正在进行和计划进行的各种测量，以及测量和模型（AMPS、Polar-WRF）结果，沿着实现价值最大化。这些数据将用于量化云、水蒸气和辐射及其对三个战略站点（Rothera（WAP的上风）、Marambio（WAP的下风）和Escudero（WAP的北部））表面能量平衡的影响，以便提供云辐射和降水形成特性及其在表面变暖和融化事件中的作用的详细特征。这些机制导致了以下假设：1）云通过其对地表能量平衡的影响，在AP地表变暖中起着重要作用;这种作用是季节性变化的，并且对云的热力学相位敏感。2）焚风事件期间的辐射加热是AP北方变暖的重要贡献者，云和水汽的辐射效应对AR事件前和AR事件期间的加热有很强的影响，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过评估被认为值得支持使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Evaluation of Temperature‐Dependent Complex Refractive Indices of Supercooled Liquid Water Using Downwelling Radiance and In‐Situ Cloud Measurements at South Pole

利用南极下降流辐射和原位云测量评估过冷液态水的温度相关复折射率

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jd035182
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Rowe, Penny M.;Walden, Von P.;Brandt, Richard E.;Town, Michael S.;Hudson, Stephen R.;Neshyba, Steven
• 通讯作者: Neshyba, Steven