RAPID: Collaborative Research: Non-state Service Provision in the Context of Multiple Extreme Events

本研究关注政府和非国家行为体应对涉及重大灾害的同时发生的危机的能力。在应对重大灾害时，灾害国家通常会授权并鼓励非国家机构提供服务。通常，反应能力取决于不经选举问责的自主团体和企业提供的服务。对于政府对非国家行为体的依赖如何影响受灾国家应对复杂危机的能力，人们知之甚少。将德克萨斯州对COVID - 19和冬季风暴Uri的反应作为复合利益危机，pi考虑1)非国家行为体在补充国家能力方面的作用；2)依赖非国家行为体在不同社区的资源分配和服务提供方面的影响；3)依赖民主问责制的含义。在方法上，ppi采用纵向三波调查，调查对象包括当地卫生机构、应急管理部门和在德克萨斯州运营的非营利组织。ppi关注危机时刻，以便检验有关非国家行为体角色和民主问责制的假设。在相对接近双重事件的地方收集基线数据是该项目的一个重要组成部分。这项研究将为灾害状态的研究提供一个基线。pi使用国家能力的理论框架来研究灾难国家，并将美国治理方面的学术研究与比较政治领域中有关非国家服务提供的文献相结合。ppi为国家实力、非国家服务的分配和民主问责制等方面的文献做出了贡献。在新冠肺炎（COVID - 19）和冬季风暴乌里（Uri）之后，ppi在德克萨斯州进行了三次全州范围的调查。此外，pi还与政府机构代表和非国家行为体代表进行半结构化访谈。调查将使用Qualtrics平台进行。初步调查的受访者将从德克萨斯州161个地方卫生部门、公共卫生区和地方卫生单位中招募。利用这些调查数据，pi测试了与国家能力、公共/私人互动和复合危机相关的三个研究假设。pi将产生基本的科学进展，这些进展可能被寻求理解和准备未来多重危险情况的学者所应用。这项研究包括研究生培训，研究结果将通过研究与实践整合研讨会与政府官员和从业人员分享。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This research concerns government and non-state actors' capacity to respond to simultaneous crises involving major disasters. In response to major disaster, the disaster state often delegates authority and encourages non-state service provision. Often, response capacity depends on service provision by self-directed groups and businesses that are not electorally accountable. Little is known about how the reliance of governments on non-state actors shapes the ability of the disaster state to respond to compounding crises. Using the state of Texas response to both COVID 19 and Winter Storm Uri as the compounding crises of interests, the PIs consider 1) the role of non-state actors in supplementing state capacity; 2) the implications of reliance on non-state actors for resource allocation and service provision across differing communities; and 3) the implications of this reliance for democratic accountability. Methodologically, the PIs use a longitudinal three wave survey of local health agencies, emergency management departments, and non-profits operating in Texas. The PIs focus on the moments of crisis to allow for test of hypotheses about the role of non-state actors and democratic accountability. The gathering of baseline data in relatively close proximity to the dual events is an essential component of this project. This research will provide a baseline for the study of the disaster state. The PIs use a theoretical framework of state capacity to examine the disaster state and to integrate scholarship on American governance with literature on non-state service provision in the field of comparative politics. The PIs contribute to literature on state strength, distribution of non-state services and democratic accountability. The PIs conduct three state-wide survey waves in Texas in the aftermath of COVID 19 and Winter Storm Uri. In addition, the PIs conduct semi-structured interviews with representatives of government agencies and with representatives of non-state actors. Surveys will be implemented using the Qualtrics platform. Respondents for the initial survey will be recruited from Texas’s 161 local health departments, public health districts, and local health units. With this survey data, the PIs test three research hypotheses related to state capacity, public/private interaction, and compounding crises. The PIs will generate basic scientific advances that may be applied by scholars seeking to understand and prepare for future multiple hazard situations. This research includes graduate student training and findings from the study will be shared with public officials and practitioners through a research and practice integration workshop.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.