RAPID: Collaborative Research: Non-state Service Provision in the Context of Multiple Extreme Events

这项研究涉及政府和非国家行为者应对涉及重大灾害的同时发生的危机的能力。在应对重大灾难时，受灾国家往往下放权力，鼓励非国家提供服务。通常，应对能力取决于自我指导的团体和企业提供的服务，而这些团体和企业在选举中并不负责。关于政府对非国家行为者的依赖如何影响灾难国家应对复杂危机的能力，人们知之甚少。利用德克萨斯州对COVID 19和冬季风暴URI的反应作为复杂的利益危机，私人投资机构考虑了1)非州行为者在补充州能力方面的作用；2)依赖非州行为者在不同社区之间进行资源分配和提供服务的影响；以及3)这种依赖民主问责的影响。在方法上，PI使用了对德克萨斯州当地卫生机构、应急管理部门和非营利性组织进行的纵向三波调查。私人投资机构侧重于危机时刻，以便检验有关非国家行为者的作用和民主问责的假设。在离双重事件相对较近的地方收集基线数据是该项目的一个重要组成部分。这项研究将为灾害状态的研究提供一个基线。私人投资机构使用国家能力的理论框架来审查灾难状态，并将关于美国治理的学术与比较政治领域中关于非国家服务提供的文献相结合。私人投资促进了关于国家力量、非国家服务分配和民主问责的文献。在COVID 19和冬季风暴URI之后，PI在德克萨斯州进行了三次全州范围的调查。此外，私人投资主任还与政府机构代表和非国家行为者代表进行半结构化面谈。调查将使用Qualtrics平台进行。最初调查的受访者将从德克萨斯州的161个地方卫生部门、公共卫生区和当地卫生单位招募。利用这一调查数据，PIs检验了与国家能力、公共/私人互动和复合危机相关的三个研究假设。PIs将产生基本的科学进步，学者们可以应用这些进步来理解和准备未来的多重危险情况。这项研究包括研究生培训，研究结果将通过研究和实践整合工作坊与公共官员和从业者分享。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This research concerns government and non-state actors' capacity to respond to simultaneous crises involving major disasters. In response to major disaster, the disaster state often delegates authority and encourages non-state service provision. Often, response capacity depends on service provision by self-directed groups and businesses that are not electorally accountable. Little is known about how the reliance of governments on non-state actors shapes the ability of the disaster state to respond to compounding crises. Using the state of Texas response to both COVID 19 and Winter Storm Uri as the compounding crises of interests, the PIs consider 1) the role of non-state actors in supplementing state capacity; 2) the implications of reliance on non-state actors for resource allocation and service provision across differing communities; and 3) the implications of this reliance for democratic accountability. Methodologically, the PIs use a longitudinal three wave survey of local health agencies, emergency management departments, and non-profits operating in Texas. The PIs focus on the moments of crisis to allow for test of hypotheses about the role of non-state actors and democratic accountability. The gathering of baseline data in relatively close proximity to the dual events is an essential component of this project. This research will provide a baseline for the study of the disaster state. The PIs use a theoretical framework of state capacity to examine the disaster state and to integrate scholarship on American governance with literature on non-state service provision in the field of comparative politics. The PIs contribute to literature on state strength, distribution of non-state services and democratic accountability. The PIs conduct three state-wide survey waves in Texas in the aftermath of COVID 19 and Winter Storm Uri. In addition, the PIs conduct semi-structured interviews with representatives of government agencies and with representatives of non-state actors. Surveys will be implemented using the Qualtrics platform. Respondents for the initial survey will be recruited from Texas’s 161 local health departments, public health districts, and local health units. With this survey data, the PIs test three research hypotheses related to state capacity, public/private interaction, and compounding crises. The PIs will generate basic scientific advances that may be applied by scholars seeking to understand and prepare for future multiple hazard situations. This research includes graduate student training and findings from the study will be shared with public officials and practitioners through a research and practice integration workshop.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.