FMRG: Eco: Process-Structure-Property Relationships of 3D Printed Earth Materials and Structures

FMRG：生态：3D 打印地球材料和结构的工艺-结构-性能关系

• 批准号: 2134488
• 负责人: Lola Ben-Alon
• 金额: $ 229.65万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2134488&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: FMRG; Eco; Process; Structure; Property

This Future Manufacturing Research Grant (FMRG) EcoManufacturing project will comprehensively characterize optimal mix designs for 3D printed earth materials and structures, linking microstructural development and soil science with material and structural property characterization and optimization of 3D printing methods. Earth materials are an emerging, sustainable alternative to cementitious materials because of their low embodied carbon, affordability, safety, and thermal characteristics. By using minimally processed materials and sourcing raw materials from the construction site, 3D-printed earth structures could substantially reduce transportation, chemical treatments, excess manufacturing, warehouse storage, and intermediary storages that are inextricably intertwined with cementitious materials. Using a range of bacterial and biopolymer binding agents, as well as bio-based fibers and nano-fibers reinforcing additives, this project will characterize printable mixtures of earth- and bio-based building materials—modernized versions of ancient technologies—as a critical step for climate-friendly digital manufacturing of the built environment. In addition to creating new scientific knowledge for additive manufacturing using nonconventional materials, this project supports education and diversity by developing a graduate earth-based technology course and an extracurricular experience for students from marginalized communities that includes hands-on materials assessment, digital fabrication of an earth-based shelter, and community activities.Through a comprehensive series of optimized mix design development, fresh- and hardened-state properties characterization will produce an effective and sustainable framework for improved shape stability and interlayer properties of the final printed earth structures. The proposed research links, for the first time, the following multi-scale investigations to advance the science and engineering of 3D printed earth materials and structures: (1) establishing the soil characterization and microstructural design methodologies of 3D printable earth mixtures, (2) elucidating the process-structure relationships of 3D printed earth materials and the effects of additives, including a range of biomineralizing microbes and biopolymers, on fresh-state properties, (3) characterizing the hardened-state properties with a focus on alternatives to stabilization, and (4) advancing the processing science of small- and large-scale 3D printed earthen structures. This research and educational effort will contribute to a broader interdisciplinary scope on quantitative and qualitative expertise related to the automated construction, mechanical, thermal, and environmental impacts of earth materials, a critical future in low-carbon and affordable buildings.This Future Manufacturing project is jointly funded by the Divisions of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI), Engineering Education and Centers (EEC), and Industrial Innovation and Partnerships (IIP) in the Directorate of Engineering, and by the Division of Materials Research (DMR) in the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个未来制造研究资助(FMRG)生态制造项目将全面描述3D打印地球材料和结构的最佳混合设计，将微观结构开发和土壤科学与3D打印方法的材料和结构特性表征和优化联系起来。地球材料是一种新兴的、可持续的水泥材料替代品，因为它们具有低碳、可负担、安全和热特性。通过使用最少的加工材料和从建筑工地采购原材料，3D打印地球结构可以大大减少运输、化学处理、多余的制造、仓库存储和与胶凝材料密不可分地缠绕在一起的中间存储。使用一系列细菌和生物聚合物粘结剂，以及生物基纤维和纳米纤维增强添加剂，该项目将表征可打印的土基和生物基建筑材料混合物-古代技术的现代版本-作为建筑环境气候友好型数字制造的关键一步。除了为使用非常规材料的添加剂制造创造新的科学知识外，该项目还通过为边缘社区的学生开发一门基于地面的研究生技术课程和一次课外体验来支持教育和多样性，其中包括动手材料评估、数字制造地面遮蔽物和社区活动。通过一系列全面的优化混合设计开发，新鲜和硬化状态的特性表征将产生一个有效和可持续的框架，以改善最终印制地球结构的形状稳定性和层间性能。拟议的研究首次连接了以下多尺度调查，以促进3D打印地球材料和结构的科学和工程：(1)建立3D可打印地球混合物的土壤特性和微观结构设计方法，(2)阐明3D打印地球材料的过程-结构关系以及添加剂，包括一系列生物矿化微生物和生物聚合物对新鲜状态性能的影响，(3)表征硬化状态特性，重点是替代稳定的方法，以及(4)促进小型和大型3D打印土结构的加工科学。这项研究和教育工作将有助于扩大与地球材料对自动化建筑、机械、热和环境影响有关的定量和定性专业知识的跨学科范围，这是低碳和负担得起的建筑的关键未来。这个未来制造项目由工程局下属的土木工程、机械和制造创新(CMMI)、工程教育和中心(EEC)以及工业创新和伙伴关系(IIP)部门共同资助。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Rheology and 3D printing of alginate bio-stabilized earth concrete

海藻酸盐生物稳定土混凝土的流变学及3D打印

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2023.107380
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Cement and Concrete Research
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Maierdan, Yierfan;Armistead, Samuel J.;Mikofsky, Rebecca A.;Huang, Qiqi;Ben-Alon, Lola;Srubar, Wil V.;Kawashima, Shiho
• 通讯作者: Kawashima, Shiho

On the Bonding Characteristics of Clays and Biopolymers for Sustainable Earthen Construction

可持续土建筑中粘土和生物聚合物的粘结特性

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials
• 作者: Mikofsky, R.A.;Armistead, S.J.;Srubar, W.V.
• 通讯作者: Srubar, W.V.

TOWARDS 3D PRINTED EARTH-AND BIO-BASED INSULATION MATERIALS: A CASE STUDY ON LIGHT STRAW CLAY

迈向 3D 打印土基和生物基绝缘材料：轻质稻草粘土案例研究

• 作者: Zackary Eugene Bryson;W. Srubar;S. Kawashima;Lola Ben
• 通讯作者: Lola Ben

Toward biomimetic and living earth materials

走向仿生和活性地球材料

• DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2023.11.003
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Matter
• 影响因子: 18.9
• 作者: Armistead, Samuel J.;Mikofsky, Rebecca A.;Srubar, Wil V.
• 通讯作者: Srubar, Wil V.

3D-printed light straw clay: optimizing printing paths

3D 打印轻质稻草粘土：优化打印路径

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: International Conference on non-conventional Materials and Technology (NOCMAT 2023
• 作者: Carcassi, Olga Beatrice;Zowqi, Mohammad-Hossein;Maierdan, Yierfan;Kawashima, Shiho;Ben-Alon, Lola
• 通讯作者: Ben-Alon, Lola