Collaborative Research: Advancing turbidity currents: moving sources, polydispersity and aggregation

合作研究：推进浊流：移动源、多分散性和聚集

• 批准号: 2139277
• 负责人: Thomas Peacock
• 金额: $ 25.56万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2139277&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Advancing; turbidity; currents

Gravity currents are mostly horizontal flows that are driven by density variations in a fluid or by density differences between two fluids. They play a central role in the transport of sediment in lakes, rivers, and oceans, and they are also important in emerging and potentially transformative technologies such as deep-sea mining and geoengineering. Despite a rich history of research on gravity currents, some fundamental scenarios have yet to be explored or remain substantially unresolved. This collaborative project will integrate analytical modeling, numerical simulation and laboratory experimentation with a unique field experimental data set to advance understanding of particle-laden gravity currents. This project has potential for transformative impacts by informing environmental regulations for such emerging industries as deep-sea mining. Deep-sea mining is expected to re-suspend large volumes of sediment in the pristine abyssal ocean environment, and the knowledge and models developed through this project will provide the toolbox needed to assess the evolution of these sediment plumes. The project will provide training for university students at all academic levels and for high-school students who will participate in the project through established programs at MIT and UCSB. The project is divided into three interconnected topics. The first concerns the evolution of gravity and particle-driven currents released from a moving source. The goals are to understand how the ratio of source speed to buoyancy velocity influences the dynamics of the current, investigate the role of background current, and develop empirical models that predict transport processes. The second point of focus is to quantify sediment detrainment from polydisperse particle-driven currents and determine its sensitivity to the particle size and velocity distribution through concurrent laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. Empirical models of polydisperse particle-driven currents will be extended to include entrainment and detrainment and incorporated into the moving source gravity current model. Finally, the role of flocculation and aggregation of particles on the propagation of polydisperse particle-driven currents will be experimentally investigated by systematically varying the sediment’s history, with the goal of developing macroscale numerical models for flocculation and integrating the findings into the moving source model.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

重力流主要是由流体中的密度变化或两种流体之间的密度差驱动的水平流动。它们在湖泊、河流和海洋的沉积物运输中发挥着核心作用，在深海采矿和地球工程等新兴和潜在的变革性技术中也很重要。尽管对重力流的研究历史悠久，但一些基本情景尚未探索或基本上仍未解决。这个合作项目将把分析建模、数值模拟和实验室实验与独特的现场实验数据集结合起来，以促进对载有颗粒的重力流的理解。该项目有可能通过为深海采矿等新兴行业的环境法规提供信息，产生变革性影响。预计深海采矿将使大量沉积物重新悬浮在原始深海环境中，通过这一项目开发的知识和模型将提供评估这些沉积物羽流演变所需的工具箱。 该项目将为所有学术水平的大学生和高中生提供培训，这些学生将通过麻省理工学院和UCSB的既定项目参与该项目。 该项目分为三个相互关联的主题。第一个是关于重力的演变和从移动源释放的粒子驱动的电流。目标是了解源速度与浮力速度的比率如何影响当前的动态，调查背景电流的作用，并开发预测运输过程的经验模型。第二个重点是量化沉积物从多分散颗粒驱动的电流，并确定其敏感性的颗粒大小和速度分布，通过同步实验室实验和数值模拟。多分散颗粒驱动流的经验模型将被扩展到包括夹带和分离，并纳入移动源重力流模型。最后，将通过系统地改变沉积物的历史，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Gravity currents from moving sources

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2021.654
• 发表时间: 2021-08-17
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Ouillon, Raphael;Kakoutas, Christos;Peacock, Thomas
• 通讯作者: Peacock, Thomas

Oceanic bottom mixed layer in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone: potential influence on deep-seabed mining plume dispersal

• DOI: 10.1007/s10652-023-09920-6
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Environmental Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: S. Chen;R. Ouillon;Carlos Muñoz-Royo;T. Peacock

The Fluid Mechanics of Deep-Sea Mining

深海采矿的流体力学

• DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-031822-010257
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 27.7
• 作者: Peacock, Thomas;Ouillon, Raphael
• 通讯作者: Ouillon, Raphael