CAREER: Repurposable Devices for a Greener Internet of Things

职业：可重复利用的设备，打造更绿色的物联网

• 批准号: 2144940
• 负责人: Bradford Campbell
• 金额: $ 70万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2144940&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Repurposable; Devices; Greener; Internet

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The sensors and actuators that comprise the Internet of Things (IoT) must be physically deployed in-situ to enable new applications. These locations are often difficult or expensive to access, such as throughout a large farm for precision agriculture or within an operating factory. Ensuring the IoT devices are useful and productive long after they are deployed reduces their overall cost and increases their utility. However, many computing devices today are designed with short, fixed lifetimes, and hardware advances continuously render old devices obsolete. This project proposes the necessary developments to ensure deployed IoT devices remain usable, efficient, and secure decades after their initial commissioning. The result will be new self-powered energy-harvesting IoT devices that can adapt to changing environments, new application requirements, and updated security requirements without being removed and replaced. Enabling this are several foundational advancements, including (i) fine-grained hardware and compiler enforced software modularity that enables energy-efficient software updates, (ii) memory-efficient reinforcement learning algorithms for long-term energy prediction and management, and (iii) transparent application offloading to support future software running on already deployed IoT device hardware. Ultimately, this will equip IoT devices with lifespans similar to the infrastructure they are attached to.Pursuing data-driven approaches to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas production is essential for combating climate change. This project will develop long-lasting and scalable sensors to provide actionable data over multi-decade lifetimes. Ensuring long operational lifetimes will help avoid exacerbating a growing e-waste problem from billions of otherwise disposable IoT devices. The techniques from this project will be incorporated into graduate and undergraduate courses, training new engineers who understand the intersection of IoT, cross-disciplinary applications, and ethics. Underrepresented minority graduate students and first-year undergraduates will collaborate on this project to develop new fundamental scientific techniques and learn the connections between technology, the built environment, and the associated stakeholders. The outputs of this work, both teaching and research, will be open sourced and disseminated broadly.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金来自《2021年美国救援计划法案》(公法117-2)。组成物联网(IoT)的传感器和执行器必须在现场物理部署，才能实现新的应用。这些位置通常很难访问或成本很高，例如在精准农业的大型农场或运营工厂内。确保物联网设备在部署后的很长一段时间内仍然有用且高效，可降低其总体成本并提高其利用率。然而，当今许多计算设备的设计寿命都很短、固定，而硬件的进步不断使旧设备过时。该项目提出了必要的开发，以确保部署的物联网设备在初始调试后数十年仍可用、高效和安全。其结果将是新的自供电集能物联网设备，可以适应不断变化的环境、新的应用要求和更新的安全要求，而无需拆卸和更换。实现这一点的是几项基础性改进，包括(I)支持节能软件更新的细粒度硬件和编译器强制软件模块化，(Ii)用于长期能源预测和管理的内存高效强化学习算法，以及(Iii)透明的应用卸载，以支持未来在已部署的物联网设备硬件上运行的软件。最终，这将使物联网设备的使用寿命与它们所连接的基础设施相似。购买数据驱动的方法来减少能源消耗和温室气体排放对于应对气候变化至关重要。该项目将开发持久和可扩展的传感器，以在数十年的生命周期内提供可操作的数据。确保长时间的运营寿命将有助于避免因数十亿台一次性物联网设备而加剧日益严重的电子垃圾问题。该项目的技术将被纳入研究生和本科课程，培养了解物联网、跨学科应用和伦理交叉的新工程师。代表不足的少数族裔研究生和一年级本科生将在这个项目上合作，开发新的基本科学技术，并学习技术、建筑环境和相关利益相关者之间的联系。这项工作的成果，包括教学和研究，都将是开源的并广泛传播。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。