CAREER: Community Ecology of Bird Migration - Co-Occurring Migrations and Interspecific Interactions

职业：鸟类迁徙的群落生态学——同时发生的迁徙和种间相互作用

• 批准号: 2146052
• 负责人: Emily Cohen
• 金额: $ 75万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2146052&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Community; Ecology; Bird; Migration

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The migratory journeys of wildlife are shaped in similar ways by the changing seasons, often resulting in many different species moving together through the same areas. During migration these co-occurring species may compete for food, share information or prey on one another. Although these interactions likely influence the success of migration, they remain poorly understood because researchers have almost always focused on one species at a time. Thus, prior studies have been mostly blind to the community of species that travel together. This project will address interactions among co-migrating bird species to test the notion that a wider view on animal migration is needed – one that considers migrating animals as communities engaged in networks of interactions. Through the natural wonder of multi-species bird migrations, the project will also engage the public in science through interactions with wildlife and will provide opportunities for secondary science teachers to do authentic research.This work will take advantage of recent advances in radar ecology and tracking technology, along with long-term datasets from traditional migration monitoring stations, to test theory-based predictions about community assembly processes for nocturnally migrating birds at stopovers, where access to habitat for refueling has important consequences for migration success. The project will test the hypothesis that community structure of nocturnally migrating birds at stopover site is a function of two assembly processes, filtering of migrants from passage flight and searching and settling among habitats. Drivers of the filtering process will be assessed by combining community structure metrics from long-term banding stations with radar-derived measures of migratory passage. The influence of interspecific interactions during searching and settling on movement and use of space at stopovers will be measured with fine-scale tracking of individual birds. The banding and tracking data will also be used to address the influence of community assembly processes on refueling rates and stopover duration, costs that could scale-up to shape migratory routes, phenology, and success. Consistent with calls for the scientific community to expand engagement with science in ways that support dialogue, shift beliefs, and build trust and relationships, this project will bring together an all-female team of science education professionals to conduct an applied evaluative study of public engagement at bird banding stations. The team will also collaborate with secondary science teachers to develop distance learning lessons that address questions about bird migration and climate change.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分由2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。野生动物的迁徙旅程以类似的方式受到季节变化的影响，通常导致许多不同的物种在同一地区一起移动。在迁徙过程中，这些共存的物种可能会争夺食物，分享信息或相互捕食。虽然这些相互作用可能会影响迁移的成功，但人们对它们的了解仍然很少，因为研究人员几乎总是一次只关注一个物种。因此，以前的研究大多对一起旅行的物种群落视而不见。该项目将解决共同迁徙的鸟类之间的相互作用，以测试需要更广泛的动物迁徙观点的概念-将迁徙动物视为参与相互作用网络的社区。通过多物种鸟类迁徙的自然奇观，该项目还将通过与野生动物的互动吸引公众参与科学，并将为中学科学教师提供进行真实研究的机会。这项工作将利用雷达生态学和跟踪技术的最新进展，沿着传统迁徙监测站的长期数据集，测试社区组装过程的理论为基础的预测，在中途停留，在那里获得栖息地加油的迁移成功具有重要的后果。该项目将检验这样一个假设，即中途停留地的反季节迁徙鸟类的群落结构是两个集合过程的函数，即从过境飞行中过滤迁徙者和在栖息地之间搜索和定居。过滤过程的驱动因素将通过将长期带状站的社区结构指标与雷达衍生的迁徙通道措施相结合来评估。在搜索和定居的运动和空间的使用在中途停留的种间相互作用的影响将测量与细尺度跟踪个别鸟类。带状和跟踪数据还将用于解决社区集会过程对加油率和中途停留时间的影响，以及可能扩大规模以塑造迁徙路线，物候和成功的成本。与呼吁科学界以支持对话，转变信仰，建立信任和关系的方式扩大与科学的接触相一致，该项目将汇集一个全女性的科学教育专业人员团队，对鸟类环志站的公众参与进行应用评估研究。该团队还将与中学科学教师合作，开发远程学习课程，解决有关鸟类迁徙和气候变化的问题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Social, not spatial, fidelity underlies between-year winter site fidelity in a migratory bird

候鸟年间冬季地点保真度的基础是社会保真度，而不是空间保真度

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311577120
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
• 作者: DeSimone, Joely G.;Cohen, Emily B.
• 通讯作者: Cohen, Emily B.