Collaborative Research: Dynamics of Cross-Shelf Plumes under Upwelling Wind Conditions

合作研究：上升风条件下跨陆架羽流的动力学

• 批准号: 2148479
• 负责人: Diane Fribance
• 金额: $ 42.05万
• 依托单位: Coastal Carolina University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2148479&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Dynamics; Cross; Shelf

The project will investigate the linkage of land-derived riverine waters with open ocean waters via 'buoyant plumes.' The project will assess the role of river discharge, tides and winds in the formation and maintenance of the buoyant plumes throughout the continental shelf. For such assessment, the project will use shipboard measurements, Autonomous Surface Vehicles, Autonomous flying vehicles (drones), and a floating platform that will be complemented by computer model simulations. The project will provide approximations of the linkage between land and open-ocean processes to be used in global-scale models. The project will also facilitate interactions between a research intensive university and an undergraduate college. It will train graduate students and provide valuable experiences to undergraduate students. This study concentrates on the dynamics of supercritical coastal buoyant plumes that expand obliquely across the shelf. These buoyant plumes transport low salinity waters across the continental shelf and can be entrained by ocean currents flowing by the shelf’s edge. The buoyant plumes are influenced by the balance between wind stress (upwelling-favorable) and buoyancy forcing. Tidal pulses of brackish water interfere with such dynamic balance to produce radial fronts referred to as sub-plumes. These sub-plumes are subsequently advected by Ekman transport. Data collection will consist of 4 seasonal surveys of Winyah Bay plume using ships (UNOLS ship requested), drones, Autonomous Surface Vehicles, and a floating platform to obtain profiles of water velocity, salinity, temperature, and turbulence properties. The sub-plume fronts shall be ubiquitous as long as the horizontal density gradient is prominent and the inertial period is greater than the tidal period. Observations will be complemented by numerical simulations with a non-hydrostatic numerical model. As Broader Impacts, the study will allow parametrization of cross-shelf plumes into lower resolution models that study land-ocean exchanges. The project will support 2 MS and 1 PhD students, and offer cruise opportunities to several undergraduate students. Data collected and their analysis will produce Ocean Data Analysis modules to be distributed to the oceanographic community. The project will be a collaboration between and R1 and a teaching institution.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将调查陆地来源的河流沃茨与开放的海洋沃茨通过“浮力羽流”的联系。该项目将评估河流流量、潮汐和风在整个大陆架浮力羽流形成和维持中的作用。对于这种评估，该项目将使用船上测量，自主水面车辆，自主飞行车辆（无人机）和浮动平台，并将通过计算机模型模拟进行补充。该项目将提供陆地和公海过程之间联系的近似值，用于全球规模的模型。该项目还将促进研究密集型大学和本科学院之间的互动。它将培养研究生，并为本科生提供宝贵的经验。 这项研究集中在动力学的超临界沿海浮力羽状物，扩大斜横跨大陆架。这些漂浮的羽流将低盐度的沃茨输送到大陆架上，并可能被流经大陆架边缘的洋流带走。浮力羽流受风应力（有利于上升流）和浮力强迫之间的平衡影响。微咸水的潮汐脉冲干扰了这种动态平衡，产生了被称为亚羽流的径向锋面。这些子羽流随后通过埃克曼输送平流。数据收集将包括使用船只（要求使用联合国海洋法办事处船只）、无人驾驶飞机、自主水面车辆和浮动平台对Winyah湾羽流进行4次季节性调查，以获得水流速度、盐度、温度和湍流特性的剖面。只要水平密度梯度显著且惯性周期大于潮汐周期，亚羽流锋就应普遍存在。观测结果将由采用非流体静力学数值模型的数值模拟加以补充。作为更广泛的影响，这项研究将允许参数化的跨大陆架羽流到较低分辨率的模型，研究陆地-海洋交换。该项目将支持2名硕士和1名博士生，并为几名本科生提供巡航机会。收集的数据及其分析将产生海洋数据分析模块，分发给海洋学界。该项目将是R1和教学机构之间的合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并且通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。